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Tito sends message to Sadat 

CAIRO, April 28 (R). — Yugoslav Deputy Foreign Mi- 
nister Lazar Mojsov today handed President Anwar Sa- 
dat a personal message from President Tito, a Foreign 
Ministry spokesman said. No details of its contents were 
released but the spokesman said Mr. Mojsov leaves to- 
morrow for the Sudan and will later visit Ethiopia, (hi 
Belgrade the Foreign Ministry said Mr. Mojsov is also 
carrying personal messages for President Ja’afar Nimeiri 
of Sudan and Ethiopian head of state Haile-Maxiam Men- 
gitsu on the situation in Africa and future cooperation 
between them. 






‘■■■it. 


MES 


An independefff$^Sb political daily 

(( » 4*0 0 s - 


rdan Press Foundation 
o* UJ? 


Khaddam visits Cairo 


DAMASCUS, April 28 (R). — Foreign Ministers Atidul- 
Halim Khaddam returned here after a lightning visit to 
Cairo which lasted a few hours. During the visit, he 
delivered to Egyptian President Anwar Sadat a letter 
from his Syrian counterpart, dealing with the latest 
developments in the region. Two of the most important 
topics mentioned in the letter were the Syrian president's 
recent visit to Moscow, and Mr. Khaddam’s visit to Wa- 
shington, informed sources said. Some observers havi 
speculated that Syrian President Hafez Assad may be 
trying to improve relations between Mr. Sadat and the 
Soviets. 


Volume 2, Number 436 


AMMAN, FRIDAY, APRIL 29, 1977 — JAMADI AL AWAL 11, 1397 


Price : 50 fils 


Idi Amin sends “suicide 

. -I ■ f jj . 7 - mm icuiw 

striking force to Zaire in 


Owen satisfied 
with talks 


NAIROBI, April 28 (R). — Pre- 
sident Idi Amin today dispa- 
tched a Ugandan “suicide st- 
riking force" to help the Zaire 
army fight rebel invaders in 
Shaba province. 

Radio Uganda, monitored he- 
re, did not give the size of the 
force. It said only that it took 
food and Equipment, was led 
by former military intelligence 
chief Lt--Col. Francis Itabuka, 
and was accompanied by the 
Zairean charge d’affaires in Ka- 
mpala. 

Observers said the troops fly- 
ing to Zaire were presumably 
from the so-called suicide batt- 
alion of commandos in the Ug- 
andan array 

The field marshal’s decision 
to make Uganda the second 
country after Morocco to send 
troops to fight the rebels in 
the mineral-rich Shaba provin- 
ce showed that he had over- 
come earlier doubts about any 
such action. 

President Mobutu flew with 
President Idi Amin of Uganda, 
who arrived in Zaire today, to 
the “frontline" between the 
Moroccan-supported governme- 
nt forces and the rebels, Azap 
said. 

The Zaire news agency, how- 
ever, reported that President 
Mobutu had accepted offers 
from Uganda, Sudan and the 
Central African Empire to pro- 
vide troops -- but that these 
forces would remain in their 
own countries until needed. 

The news agency, quoting mi- 
litary sources, said other ma- 
jor operations were in progress 
but details of them could not 
be released for security reas- ■ 
ons. 


Observers said that if the 
official account is borne out, 
it shows a significant esca- 
lation of the war, which has 
been hitherto a bloodless adva- 
nce by the government troops 
against rebels who have mel- 
ted into the bush, as has most 
of the civilian population in 
the area. 

Bridges blown at Kayembe 
and Mutshatsha, on the lie of 
advance between Kolwezi and 
the town of Dilolo on the Zaire- 
Angola border, and about 150 
kms. east of Kolwezi, would 
otherwise have slowed the ad- 
vance, the agency said. 

Observers recalled that para- 
chutes were part of a shipment 
of U.S. “non-Iethal” military 
aid despatched when the conf- 
lict broke out. 

Azap today repeated the ch- 
arge that the invaders came 
from neighbouring Angola, wh- 
ich has denied complicity in the 
insurrection. 

The report of the operation 
came less than two days after 
Nigerian Foreign Minister Jose- 
ph Garba began a new medi- 
ation mission between Zaire 
and Angola, whose relations are 
under intense strain. 

The presence of field Mars. 
Amin, the mention of offers 
of military help from the three 
African countries and the app- 
arent intensification of the figh- 
ting seemed to point to a 
new attempt by President Mo- 
butu to strengthen his diploma- 
tic and military position as the 
mediation initiative continues, 
observers said. 

President Mobutu has been in 
Shaba province for six days, 
apparently supervising the Mo- 
roccan-Zaire advance and see- 
king to win popular- supper? h 
the troubled area. 


Vance , Gromyko to meet 
in Vienna on May 18 


WASHINGTON, April 28 (R). 
— US. Secretary of State Cy- 
rus Vance will meet Soviet Fo- 
reign Minister Andrei Gromyko 
in Geneva on May IS for tal- 
ks on the Middle East and St- 
rategic Arms Limitation Treaty 
(SALT), the State Department 
said today. 

State department spokesman 
Hodding Carter said the talks 
were expected to last two or 
three days. 

Mr. Vance and Mr. Gromyko 
met last month in Moscow. At 
those talks, American proposa- 
ls for deep cuts in each coun- 
try’s nuclear arsenals were re- 
jected by the Soviet leadership. 

"The proposals are on the 
table and we would look with 
interest on any proposals the 
Soviets might make," Mr. Car- 
ter told reporters today. 

He said the SALT talks were 
a continuing process and add- 
ed : "our hope is, what it has 
always been - - that we are go- 
ing to be able to find an agr- 
eement that will go to the he- 
art of what we propose in the 
way of major reduction in st- 
rategic arms.” 

Barring progress on a major 
reduction, he said, the United 
States would pursue a second 


possibility for smaller reducti- 
ons. 

It had been announced after 
the Moscow talks that Mr. Va- 
nce and Mr. Gromyko would 
be meeting in Geneva next mo- 
nth but no specific date had 
been set. 

Asked in view of the lack 
of progress at Moscow what 
there was to discuss in Geneva, 
he said : "The point is that 
despite assumptions to the co- 
ntrary, a lot of diplomacy does 
not take place in the public 
arena." 

The Soviet Ambassador here, 
Mr. Anatoliy Dobrynin, has in 
recent weeks been having a 
series of discussions in Was- 
hington with high American of- 
ficials, including President Car- 
ter and Mr. Vance. 

President Carter has also 
said he has been encouraged by 
messages received from Soviet 
leader Leonid Brezhnev. 

Earlier this week, it was an- 
nounced that U.S. and Soviet 
officials would resume negotia- 
tions in Geneva on May 11 on 
several issues connected with 
SALT, part of a continuing ser- 
ies of strategic arms discuss- 
ions that began in November, 
1972.- 


Gaullist Rally decides 
to back Premier Barre 


PARIS, April 28 (AFP). — The 
Gaullist Rally for the Republic 
(RPR) agreed today to back the 
government of Prime Minister 
Raymond Barre in a vote of 
confidence in the National As- 
sembly. 

Gaullist members of the as- 
sembly decided to support the 
government “at the request of 
(former Premier) Jacques Chi- 
rac", the Gaullist Party leader, 
a spokesman said. 

■ The decision followed a 45- 
minute meeting addressed by 
Mr. Chirac at the close of a 
National Assembly debate on 
Mr. Barre’s government plans. 

The Prime Minister had, in 
a dosing statement, issued 
what many took as an ultima- 
tum: "confidence will not be 
bartered. It is either given or 
refused." 

The RPR is numerically the 
biggest segment ot the current 
government coalition, which^flT- 
so includes the independent 
Republican Party of President 
Valery Giscard d'Estaing and 
the Centrists. 

After the RPR meeting, as- 


semblyman Robert Andre Vi- 
vien warned this could be “the 
last time” the government cou- 
ld count on them. If Mr. Chirac 
had not requested the support, 
"the government would have 
been lacking 125 votes,” the 
MP said. 

The confidence vote, was to 
follow debate in the assembly 
on government policy and Mr. 
Bane’s proposals for a series 
of measures aimed at boosting 
the economy through reducing, 
unemployment and improving 
living standards among the di- 
sadvantaged. 

The new Barre plan, which 
also calls for special incentives 
to speed economic growth, wo- 
uld cost the government a to- 
tal of 8,200 million francs 
($1,640 million) over the next 
two years. 

One-time minister Yvee Gue- 
na, the RPR political delegate, 
said the "hesitation" of the 
Gaullists was "not a game". 
The Party would give Us con- 
fidence to the government “on 
condition that the government 
prove its determination to en- 
gage an electoral battle”. 


DAMASCUS, April 28 (AFP). - 
British Foreign Secretary Da- 
vid Owen left Damascus for 
London last night, saying his 1 
talks with Syrian President 
Hafez Assad had been “fruitful 
and had helped clarify view- 
points on chances for settlem- 
ent of the Mideast problem.” 

Dr. Owen, wbo had visited 
Egypt before coming on to Da- 
mascus, was seen off by Sy- 
rian Foreign Minister Abdul 
Halim Khaddam and British 
Ambassador to Damascus Alb- 
ert Craig. He talked with Pre- 
sident Assad and Mr. Khad- 
dam during his brief stay here. 

At a pre-departure press co- 
nference, the foreign secretary 
expressed satisfaction with his 
visits to Chiro and Damascus. 
He said that his conversations 
with President Assad had ma- 
de it possible to re-evaluate the 
positions of powers concerned 
in the Geneva peace conference 
on the Mideast. 

Dr. Owen said his talks with 
Syrian leaders had concerned 
the Mideast conflict, a careful 
examination of events in Leba- 
non and the Syrian initiative 
in that country, Palestinian pa- 
rticipation in toe Geneva con- 
ference, and the need of find- 
ing a homeland for the Palesti- 
nian people. 

Dr. Owen said he had de- 
tected a clear indication of the 
existence of a possibility for 
movement toward a peaceful 
settlement of the Mideast con- 
flict this year. He said this 
development was very import- 
ant for the Geneva conference, 
and that new efforts are need- 
ed to re-activate that parley 
before the end of the year. 
He stressed that Eritaic has a 
role to play in this question. 

The situation will be clear- 
er after the impending Israeli 
elections, and the planned tour 
of toe Mideast by U.S. Secre- 
tary of State Cyrus Vance, Dr. 
Owen said. 

- As to possible Palestinian 
participation in the Geneva co- 
nference, the foreign secretary 
said that would obviously de- 
pend on Israel’s attitude and 
consent 

He said (hat he had also dis- 
cussed the African situation, 
especially Ethiopia and the 
Eritrean question, with the Sy- 
rian officials. Syria, like other 
Arab countries, is supporting 
the Eritrean liberation movem- 
ent. 

Dr. Owen said Britain was 
quite concerned by the present 
situation in Ethiopia, since Bri- 
tain favours safeguarding Afri- 
can entities and their unity, 
and opposes splitting movem- 
ents, such as the one in Zaire. 

While in Damascus, Dr. 
Owen signed an agreement of 
unlimited duration for cultural 
cooperation between the two 
countries. The accord calls for 
reopening of the British Coun- 
cil in Damascus, which has be- 
en closed since the breaking of 
diplomatic relations between 
the two countries at the time 
of the Israeli -Arab war of June 
1967. 

The agreement also provides 
for cooperation between the 
two countries’ national libra- 
ries, museums, and radio and 
television agencies. Syrian stu- 
dents in Britain will receive 
fellowships for high-level stu- 
dies. 



Hussein, Waldheim: 
this year crucial 


LUNCHEON ADDRESS -- His Majesty King Hussein addresses a 
luncheon meeting of the Middle East Institute, the Arab- American 
Association for Commerce and Industry, in Washington Wednes- 
day. At left Is L. Dean Brown, President of the Middle East Insti- 
tute. (AP wirephoto). 

■ ir " i * i . 

Bhutto tells parliament, 
foreigners are behind 
agitation in Pakistan 


ISLAMABAD, April 28 (R). — 
Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali 
. Bhutto parliament in n 
fiery speech today that a “co- 
lossal international conspiracy” 
had been mounted against Pa- 
kistan. 

Foreigners were behind the 
agitation by opposition parties 
inside the country to try to un- 
seat him, Mr. Bhutto said. 

"This is a massive, huge, co- 
lossal international conspiracy 
against the Islamic state of 
Pakistan,” he told a joint ses- 
sion of the National Assembly. 

Mr. Bhutto did not mention 
any country by name but ma- 
de clear he was referring to a 
big power. 

He said vast sums of money 
had flooded into Pakistan from 
abroad to finance the campaign 
against him by the opposition 
Pakistan National Alliance 
(PNA). 

A certain power wanted to 
remove him from office becau- 
se “Zulfikar Ali Bhutto is the 
pillar of stability and the sym- 
bol of strength in Pakistan." . 

Mr. Bhutto appeared to be 
accusing the United States. 

He said the main reason “the 
bloodhounds are after my blo- 
od" was his insistence that Pa- 
kistan go ahead and obtain a 
nuclear reprocessing plant 
from France. 

Those who listened to Mr. 


Bhutto recalled that the U.S. 
has strongly opposed the deal 
for the plant, which would pro- 
duce plutonium, the essential 
ingredient of nuclear bombs. 

Mr. Bhutto said he had given 
assurances time and again that 
his government would not ma- 
ke a nuclear bomb. But a cer- 
tain country still wanted to de- 
ny Pakistan that capacity.’ 

Mr. Aziz Ahmed, Foreign 
Minister, told toe joint session 
of parliament today that, since 
martial law was imposed, the 
agitation had shown signs of 
collapse. 

Other People's Party legisla- 
tors also spoke of foreign in- 
terference. 

Like Mr. Bhutto himself, they 
did not name any power. They 
referred to imperialists, inter- 
national monopolies and “na- 
tions with a lot of money who 
carry the banner of democra- 
cy." 

Mr. Bhutto made clear that 
he had no intention of resign- 
ing when he said that only the 
first part of his mission had 
been completed. 

“I am not in toe hands of 
the PNA and their goons and 
hooligans, I am not in the 
hands of foreign intrigues,” he 
said. 

*Tve dealt with foreign in- 
trigues before. Tm not afraid 
of ...great powers." 


UNITED NATIONS, April 28 
(R).- His Majesty King Hussein 
today called for the reconven- 
ing of the Geneva Middle East 
peace conference at the earl- 
iest possible date and said this 
year might well mark an "irre- 
trievable turning point” in the 
search for an Arab-Israeli set- 
tlement. 

But he said intensive prepa- 
rations must be made now to 
avoid an abortive and stalem- 
ated conference. 

Responding to a toast from 
Secretary General Kurt Wald- 
heim during a visit to UJN. 
headquarters, the King said 
there was no alternative to the 
peace-making process except 
continued strife and suffering. 

“Surely, toe Middle East, one 
of the great cradles of civilisa- 
tion, deserves a better fate 
than that. Nor can the world 
as a whole afford toe loss and 
dislocation of the Middle East’s 
cardinal resources at the pre- 
sent stage of our modern civi- 
lisation,” he added, apparently 
referring to the possibility of 
a. disruption of oil supplies in 
the event of a new Arab-Israeli 
war. 

The King, who has just com- 
pleted three days of talks in 
Washington with President 
Garter and United States offi- 
cials, said Jordan “strongly su- 
pports the reconvening of the 
U.N. peace conference, at Ge- 
neva, at the ‘ earliest possible 
date, and in accordance with 
the relevant Security Council 
and General Assembly resolu- 
tions on the subject.” 

The assembly resolutions 
call, among other things, for 
the participation in any rene- 
wed peace talks, of the Palest- 
ine Liberation Organisation 
■ (PLO), which Israel strongly 
opposes. 

In his address, King Hussein 
said that, to avoid an abortive 
and stalemated conference, 
"adequate and intensive pre- 
parations must be made.” 

He added : "It is my convic- 
tion that this year is not only 
most crucial, but may well be 
an irretrievable turning point” 
King Hussein said : “It has 
been almost a decade, just over 
a month from today, since va- 
st Arab territories have fallen 
victim to occupation, and their 
people chained, and almost 
three decades since the Pal- 
estinian people became uproo- 
ted and dispossessed. 

"It is ray message and my 
hope that their deliverance will 
not be long delayed, either by 
procedural impediments, or by 
substantive but arbitrary over- 
claims, under whatever guise 
or pretext, which would be in 
violation of toe United Nations 
principles and resolutions.” 
Praising the efforts of Dr. 
Waldheim, who visited Jordan 
in February during a six-na- 
tion tour of the Middle East, 
the King said : "In this histo- 
ric challenge of determining 
and working far a just and las- 
ting peace this year, the United 
Nations has a central role.” 


The Monarch, who was add- 
ressing about 50 guests at a lu- 
nch given in his honour by the 
secretary general, said success 
depended on the concerted su- 
pport of the members of the 
U.N.’s decision making bodies, 
particularly the Security Coun- 
cil. 

“Let us hope that such sup- 
port will be forthcoming and 
unreserved,” he said. 

Dr. Waldheim, in his toast to toe 
King, said that the “present 
climate of moderation and rea- 
lism" in the Middle East must 
not be allowed to evaporate 
but should be used to bring ab- 
out a resumption of negotia- 
tions. 

“To me that means that this 
year is a crucial one, and I 
stress again the very grave da- 
ngers which we shall inevita- 
bly face if we do not seize the 
present opportunities.” 

The secretary general, as he 
has done in toe past, also str- 
essed toe "crucial importance 
of the Palestinian issue both 
for the procedural and for the 
substantive aspects of the pro- 
blems we face.” 

He told the King : “Over 
the past 25 years your perso- 


nal courage, your determined 
efforts on behalf of your peo- 
ple, and your contribution to 
world peace through your coun- 
try’s participation in the U.N. 
have all left their mark on his- 
tory.” 

Alluding to the recent death 
in a helicopter crash of Her 
Majesty Queen Alya. Dr. Wald- 
heim continued : “You have 
faced dangers, difficulties and, 
most recently, a profound Der- 
sonal tragedy, with high coura- 
ge, which commands toe deep- 
est respect in the international 
community. 

“In spite of alV the difficult- 
ies, you have achieved in your 
own country great economic 
and social progress, while In 
the' world outside you are a le- 
ading voice 'for peace and mo- 
deration in international rela- 
tions." 

The secretary general also 
praised the King as “an out- 
standing champion of the work 
of the United Nations.” 

Earlier today, the King met 
Spanish Prime Minister Adolfo 
Suarez in his suite at the Wal- 
dorf Astoria hotel on Manha- 
ttan’s fashionable Park Avenue 
briefly. 


Soviets look into 
supplying Lebanese 
army with weapons 

Press report says : 


Eban has bank account permission, 
but no official document available 


TEL AVIV, April 28 (R). — The 
Finance Ministry said today it 
had now been given evidence 
that former Foreign Minister 
Abba Eban did get permission 
to keep a bank account abroad, 
but no copy of the document 
granting this had been found. 

Mr. Eban, foreign minister 


Perez, Shah discuss 
OPEC’s solidarity 


TEHRAN, April 28 (R). — 
Venezuelan President Carlos 
Andres Perez today conferred 
with the Shah of Iran on ways 
of overcoming a breach betwe- 
en major oil producing countr- 
ies over oil prices. 

The rift originated when Sa- 
udi Arabia and the United Arab 
Emirates (UAE) decided to im- 
pose a five per cent oil price 
increase from last Jan. I ins- 
tead of a two-stage 15 per cent 
rise agreed by the other 1 1 me- 
mbers of toe Organisation of 
Petroleum Exporting Countries 
(OPEC), including Venezuela. 

High-ranking Venezuelan sou- 
rces described as misconceived 
foreign press reports that Sa- 
udi Arabia was likely to agree 
soon to increase its oil prices 
as part of a compromise. 

‘It is quite wrong to say 
that Saudi Arabia agreed, or 
was prepared to agree -in the 
short term, to a compromise 
solution, this is a distortion,” 
the sources said. 

A' prime Saudi consideration, 


the sources said, was to bring 
about a settlement of the Arab- 
Israeli conflict. “Saudi Arabia 
regards itself as a guardian of 
the Arab heritage and this plays 
a major role in its price policy.” 

Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince 
Fahd is due to visit Washing- 
ton next month for talks with 
President Carter, and Saudi so- 
urces said he was likely to hold 
off from any decision on prices 
until after their meeting. 

Senor Perez arrived yester- 
day in Tehran on toe fourth 
leg of his Middle East tour. 
His next stop is Iraq, which 
took a hard line at last Dece- 
mber’s OPEC conference by de- 
manding a 25 per cent increase. 

He will also visit Abu Dhabi 
in the UAE. Official sources 
said the UAE could provide a 
compromise that might be fo- 
llowed by Saudi Arabia later. 

The Venezuelan president 
had talks lasting more than 
two hours with the Shah today, 
and the two delegations then 
met in plenary session. 


from 1966 to 1974, has said he 
does have bank accounts abro- 
ad. But, when Investigation be- 
gan about three weeks ago, 
he also said they did not vio- 
late Israel's stringent currency 
laws. 

Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin 
was forced to step down this 
month because he and his wife 
held foreign accounts that did 
break the rules. 

The Finance Ministry said in 
a statement today that Mr. Eb- 
an had presented a copy of bis 
request to maintain a bank 
account in New York in 1967. 
The then director general of the 
ministry had written stating 
that such permission had been 
granted. 

Finance Ministry sources said 
a copy of the actual permission 
document was being sought to 
ascertain if any sura was men- 
tioned at the time and to esta- 
blish that, if so, it had not been 
exceeded. 

Mr. Eban has said accounts 
he holds in New York and Lon- 
don together amount to about 
$100,000. 

He has said he needs the 
money to pay for secretarial 
and research help in connection 
with books he is writing and 
to cover advances by publish- 
ers, which he might have to re- 
turn if he did not provide manu- 
scripts in time. • 

Israeli newspapers reported 
this week that Mr. Eban’s tax 
files had been sent to the inco- 
me tax commissioner. 

Tax authority sources said 
re-examination of such files was 


routine in cases of investiga- 
tion of financial affairs by any 
ministry. 

Mr. Eban has said he pays 
income tax abroad on earnings 
from books and lectures in the 
U.S. and Britain. 


KUWAIT, April 38 (R). — A 
three-man Soviet military de- 
legation is expected in Leba- 
non later this week to discuss 
the possibility of supplying the 

Neto pays 
2-hour 
visit to 
Libya 

TRIPOLI, Libya, April 28 (R). 
— President Agostinho Neto of 
Angola paid a two-hour visit 
to Libya today for talks with 
Col. Muammar Qadhafi, the 
Arab Revolution News Agency 
reported. 

Mr. Neto left Warsaw earlier 
after a three-day visit to 
Poland. His large delegation 
included the ministers of fo- 
reign affairs, industry, energy 
and development. 

The Angolan president told 
reporters at the airport he had 
accepted the Libyan leader’s in- 
vitation to Tripoli "because 1 
view with high esteem and ap- 
preciation Col. Qadhaffs anti- 
imperialist attitudes." 

■The two leaders met for talks 
soon after Mr. Neto’s arrival 
but no communique was issued. 

Mr. Neto and his delegation 
were met and seen off by Mr. 
Abdul Salam Jalloud, a mem- 
ber of the General Secretariat 
of the General Peoples Con- 
gress. The Angolan leader’s 
next destination was not an- 
nounced. 


After 40 years of secrecy 
5 trade unions legalised 
by Spanish government 


MADRID, April 28 (AFP). — 
Spanish authorities today lega- 
lised five trade unions after 40 
yeans of clandestine existence. 

The unions are the Workers 
Commissions (Communist - led 
union organisations), the Gene- 
ral Workers’ Union (Socialist), 
the Socialist Workers Syndica- 
list Union, the Basque Work- 
ers Solidarity Union and the 
Catalan Workers Solidarity 
Union. 

The five unions earlier today- 
submitted their statutes to the 
Trade Unions Relations Minis- 
try and were automatically re- 
cognised, according to the Wo- 
rkers Commission. 

Legalising trade unions “out- 
side the law” under toe Franco 
regime followed a government 
move to reform trade union 
law which has been passed by 
toe Cortes (parliament). The 
government announced one re- 
form on April 22 after a cabi- 
net meeting and a decree was 


published in the official gazet- 
te. 

Later today the Minister of 
Trade Union Relations, Enriaue 
de la Mata had the first offi- 
cial talks with Workers Com- 
mission delegates. The talks co- 
vered the organisation of de- 
monstrations planned for May 
I by the three major unions, 
a union source said. 

The source added that the 
government appeared to have 
Changed its mind on a ban im- 
posed on 40 meetings planned 
by the unions throughout 
Spain, and now appeared pre- 
. pared to authorise a certain 
number of meetings in restrict- 
ed areas. 

The Workers Commission, in 
agreement with the Spanish. 
Communist Party (PCE), made 
known its intention to organi- 
se a major meeting in toe Cen- 
te Calderon stadium here, the 
home of Atietico Madrid foot- 
ball team. ... 


Lebanese army with weapons, 
toe Kuwait daily newspaper .41 
Qabas reported today. 

It quoted informed govern- 
ment sources in Beirut as sa- 
ying that the delegation will 
discuss with the commander of 
the Lebanese army. Brig. Vic- 
tor Khoury, the army's needs 
in weapons and equipment. 

Press reports said recently 
that Lebanon intended to build 
a 50,000-man army to replace 
its armed forces which disinte- 
grated during 19 months of ci- 
vil war. 

In Beirut, the Lebanese ca- 
binet last night announced the 
appointment of 98 senior civil 
servants in a move observers 
saw as part of President Elias 
Sarkis attempt to reactivate 
the state administration. 

Some of the previous hold- 
ers of top positions in the sta- 
te administration appointed un- 
tS. /resident Suleiman 
Franjieh had, not attended their 
offices Sim* before civil war 
erupted in I^banon in 1975. 
The special cabinet session 

JjS* tfiree seni °r po- 

sitions unfilled, including the 
sensitive post of rector of the 
National University which has 
operated in two separate parts 
su l ce e nd of last year. 

in Sidon. reports reaching 
the seaport town said that the 
market town of Nahatiyeh in 
southern Lebanon was shelled 
by T artI , Heiy . Ulis morning. 

Local residents said the shel- 
ling was believed to have come 
from across the Israeli border 
about 30 kms. away. 

The reports said there were 
some casualties among the ci- 
viiian population of the town, 
which is controlled by Paiesti- 
a ? d left forces. 

Retails were im- 
mediately available. 

Palestinian sources in Beirut 
321(1 that three people 

were kiUed j Q a dash yes ter- 

5 >en nvaI Palestinian 
commando groups in a west 
Beinit district. They said the 
. between tte Syrian- 
Backed Saiqa organisation and 

Front 11 ' 13 ° f the Rejection 

The dash, described by the 
sources as limited, occurred 
near the populous Comiche 
Mazraa district, where gun- 
raen Oi a leftist Lebanese orga- 
nisation clashed with the Arab 
peace-keeping force In the past 
few days after two soldiers of 
the force were killed 
Lebanese Prime Minister Se- 
lim Hoss conferred today with 
toe Palestinian leader Yasser 
Arafat. 

Informed sources said they 
discussed the transfer of Pa- 
lestinians from coastal Damour 
village, south-west .of Beirut, 
to south Lebanon so that the 
original inhabitants may return 
to the village 

People from Damour fled 
when toe village was overrun 
by Palestinians and Lebanese 
leftlstsduring -the- civil war 
last year. • ■ 





JORDAN TIMES, FRIDAY, APRIL 29, 1977 


• • • 




Bern 


< 7 Wt 


Three Jordanian dailies com- 
mented in their Friday editor- 
inis on His Majesty’s visit to 
the United States and the role 
it could play to bring peace to 
the area. A fourth daily discu- 
ssed the problem of the Arab 
brain drain, raised at the United 
Nations Economic Commission 
for Western Asia meeting con- 
vening here. 

AL RAM, considers Israel to 
be the main obstacle to peace 
in the region. Israel should 
change its intransigent position. 
The Arabs cannot continue al- 
one to give concessions Israel 
accepts to fully withdraw from 
the territories occupied in 1967, 
allow Palestinians to return to 
their homes or be compensated 
and ensured their right to self- 
determination after Israeli with- 
drawal, only then, the paper 
said, a real peace will be po- 
ssible. 

The United States, to prese- 
rve its interests in the region, 
is capable and should exercise 
more impartiality. It should be 
convinced that not only Israel 
should have secure borders. Is- 
rael so far has been the agg- 
ressor and the occupier and we 
hope that the U.S. would do 
its best to put an end to that 
unjust situation, the paper con- 
cluded. 

AL DUSTOUR, said the Jor- 
danian-U.S. talks have given to 
the U.S.-Arab dialogue a new 
positive dimension. They have 
foiled Israel's attempt to inter- 
pret President Carter's recent 
declarations on the necessity 
for a Palestinian homeland as 
meaning that it should be esta- 
blished in an ‘’alternative ho- 
meland”, the paper added. 

The Kussein-Caxter talks 
have outlined the necessity for 
Israel to shoulder its responsibi- 


U.S. could only be delighted with Morocco’s 


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Prepared for peace? 

Both King Hussein and President Carter have 
come out with statements that getting to Geneva is 
not the magic cure-all .for the Middle East problem ; 
what matters is the preparedness of the parties con- 
cerned to make peace and what agreement can be 
secured prior to reconvening the conference. 

The Arabs, the Palestinians in particular, have 
been dealt a severe injustice. There is growing world 
recognition of this faot ; but the question now is will 
this recognition be reflected at the conference? 

The Arabs have for some time now been ready 
to accept the existence of Israel; very few Arabs, 
and none in responsible positions of authority, are 
advocating its removal from the map. The Arabs are 
not out to reverse the tide of events ; but that only 
goes so far. What redress of grievances is possible 
must be forthcoming. 

In the words of King Hussein, at least we can 
deal with injustice honourably. 

If Israel goes to the conference prepared to erase 
part of the monumental injustice for which it above 
all is responsible, if it is prepared to make possible 
what it has all along denied the Palestinians - -the 
right of self-determination and compensation for their 
deprivation - - then things will go well indeed. 

But if Israel continues to ignore the facts or 
insist that someone else right the wrong it itself 
has done, then it is inviting a holocaust for all con- 
cerned. 

There has to be a way for the Palestinian dias- 
pora to end. The Palestinians and the Arabs are pre- 
pared to forgive injustice, but that willingness has 
to be honourably met. Evasionary tactics must be put 
aside. So long as Israel continues to dismiss the 
Palestinians as a bunch of terrorists and insist that 
the Arabs solve that particular problem on their own, 
then Geneva will be a disaster. 

But Israel must come to terms with its own 
conscience first. It must erase the myths and fabri- 
cations it has fed its people for so long about the 
Palestinians and the history of the problem. The 
people of Israel must listen to the dissidents and 
the men of political conscience among them. The 
idealists and innocents will have to carry the day at 
the polls. Will this happen ? 

Such an outcome, although highly desirable, is 
not likely. It is easier to tread a well worn path than 
to chart a new one; easier to perpetuate the myth 
than to bring down false idols, just as it is easier to 
wash one’s hands of one’s own wrong-doing than to 
look at one’s own nakedness. There are no new pro- * 
phets in Israel. 


ARAB PRESS COMMENTARY 


Zake’s army, refoforced by 1,500 Moroccan troops, tries 
to throw bade the Katangese rebels which invaded Zaire’s 
mineral-rich Province of Shaba (formerly Katang a) from 
Angola. Other countries have sent troops or supplies to bdp 
Zaire in rim belief that the rebels are backed by Russia and 
Cota, which 1ms 20^)00 troops in Angola. The s i tu a tio n, is 
qmshtg concern in the United States because pro-West Zaire 
fat Washington's key ally hi Africa. 


By Robert A. Manning 

WASHINGTON (Gemini). — 
United States policy-makers are 
looking on with consternation 
as the conflict in the -mineral- 
rich Shaba Province of Wash- 
ington's key ally in. Africa, 
Zaire, escalates by the arrival 
of foreign troops and U.S. and 
European mercenaries to aid 
Zaire’s beieagured army. 

Shortly after the conflict be- 
gan on March 8, the U.S. rushed 
$2 million in emergency sup- 
plies to the Mobutu regime. 
Since then France and Belgium 
have sent military equipment, 
Israel a planeload of arms, 
and the U.S. a further $13 mil- 
lion. of “non lethal military aid.” 

But as the offensive by 
Katangese (Shaba was former- 
ly called Katanga) rebels, be- 


lieved to be •part of a coalition 
of anti-Mobutu opposition for- 
ces, advanced through the pro- 
vince unhampered by Zaire’s 
array (which is in great disar- 
ray)/ Mr. Mobutu’s crisis has 
mounted* 

The Carter administration 
and its NATO allies are reluc- 
tant to get involved in a major 
rescue operation of the shaky 
Mobutu regime. 

Mr. Mobutu, who has already 
removed his army commander 
in Shaba, Col. Eluki and re- 
placed his Chief-of-Staff, Gen. 
Bumba Moassa, is now count- 
ing on two battalions of 1.500 
troops each from Morocco and 
Egypt plus mercenaries to drive 
back the rebel forces. The Mor- 
occan troops were airlifted into 
Zaire bv French aircraft. 

At the end of March it was 


reported that Zaire had begun 
to recruit mercenary forces in 
Europe. More recently, details 
of recruiting efforts in the U.8. 
and Britain have been disclos- 
ed. Zaire is seeking a force of 
450 mercenaries from the U.S- 
and Britain. An advertisement 
was placed in the Fresno Bee, 
a California paper, asking for 
people with “military back- 
grounds" for “high risk” work 
in Zaire offering salaries of 
$1 I 200-$2,000 per month. 

The ad was placed by Mr. 
David Bufkin, who recruited 
American mercenaries during 
the Angola civil war. Mr. Bufkin 
said in an interview that 
$80,000 was made available to 
recruit 100 Americans, with the 
remaining 350 to be assembled 
in Britain. Mr. Bufkin claims 
that a Briton named Mr. Chet 
Akins is '‘paymaster’ 1 for the 
mercenaries. Mr. Akins, who 
was also involved in the Angola 
operation, is working closely 
with a "Col. MizukF’, reported- 
ly a Zaire military representa- 
tive in London. 

Mr. Bufkin refused to say 
who is financing the operation, 
but said that the CIA is aware 
of his activities. The CIA has 


South Africa allows journalists 
into its maximum security jail 


Jity to achieve a just and pea- 
ceful settlement, as peace can- 
not be achieved by one side 
alone. They have also exposed 
Israel’s allegations that the na- 
tional interests of the United 
States and Arab rights are op- 
posed to each other. 

AL SHA’B, considers Israel’s 
settlement policy and its vio- 
lation of the human rights of 
Arabs in occupied territories 
as the main obstacle to prese- 
nt peace efforts. 

A suitable atmosphere, con- 
ducive to peace should be pre- 
pared before the convening of 
the Geneva conference, the pa- 
per said, approving His Majes- 
ty’s call for that end. The pa- 
per also emphasises His Maje- 
sty’s invitation to the United 
States to help create such an 
atmosphere. 

The U.S. is capable of pre- 
venting Israeli violations and 
compel Israel to adhere to in- 
ternational decisions. By doing 
so, the United States would 
help to bring about the success 
of the first stage toward peace, 
the paper concluded. 

AL SHA’B analyses the ca- 
uses of the Arab braindrain. 
This phenomenon, the paper 
said, is caused by the political 
situation prevailing in certain 
countries and the unencoura- 
ging financial rewards qualified 
and skilled workers find in their 
country of origin. 

To remedy such a problem. 
8 number of Arab countries 
have enacted laws providing in- 
centives for those who retu- 
rn, but we cannot expect qual- 
ified and skilled workers to res- 
pond to such temptations as 
they are aware that they will 
never be allowed to participate 
in formulating their countries 
policies. Such a privilege is 
reserved only to those who 
have been chosen by destiny, 
the paper concluded. 


By Rodney Pinder 

ROBBEN ISLAND, South 
Africa, April 28 (R). — The 
South African government, 
sensitive to allegations that it 
runs a "Devil’s Island” for po- 
litical prisoners, has finally al- 
lowed outsiders to see its max- 
imum security jaiL 

All its inmates are non- 
whites, convicted enemies of 
the state. 

The fenced-in group of 
single storey buildings is on 
Robben Island, a 574 hectares 
piece of land 11 kms. north 
of Gape Town. 

One of South Africa’s Dep- 
uty Commissioners for Prison- 
ers, Maj. Gen. Jannie Roux, 
conducted 24 local and inter- 
national news correspondents, 
including myself, round 
Robben Island on Monday. He 
said it was a unique event as 
the prison had not been seen 
at close quarters by the me- 
dia since -it opened on April 
1, 1961. 

In that time opponents of 
the South African government 
have dubbed it "South Africa’s 
Devil's Island,” after the no- 
torious French penal colony, 
partly because of the secrecy 
surrounding it, partly because 
it is used exclusively to con- 
fine non-white offenders of the 
security laws and partly be- 
cause of allegations of ill- 
treatment of prisoners inside. 

The prison holds 370 black, 
Asian and coloured (mixed 
race) men in brightly-polished, 
freshly-painted. barrack-type 
buildings. 

Thirty-two of the inmates 
have been sentenced to stay 
for the rest of their lives. They 
include 59-year-old Mr. Nelson 
Mandela. President of the ban- 
ned African National Cong- 
ress (ANC); Mr. Walter 
Sisulu, 63, Secretary General 
of the ANC; Mr. Govan Mbeki, 
ANC National Chairman; and 
Mr. Andre Mlangeni, also of 
the ANC. 

Mr. Mandela was clearing 
weeds from a gravel and dirt 
pathway with a shovel when 
the journalists saw him. He 
tried to conceal himself be- 
hind a tall rockery as they 
passed. 

Gen. Roux, a bespectacled 
34-year-old with degrees in 
psychiatry and criminology, 
pointed out Mr. Mandela and 
said : "We have located him 
for you but he doesn’t want 
to see you.” 

At one point, three angry- 
looking prisoners asked to be 
interviewed but this was for- 
bidden. 

Mr. Mandela’s cell was 
shown to the journalists along 
with others in a special sec- 
tion of the prison. 

Mr. Mandela and 29 other 
prisoners have a life apart 
from the rest of the inmates 
. of Robben Island. While the 
others live in large dormito- 
ries. they occupy individual 
cells in their own. block with 
their own recreation hall, eat- 
ing area and toilets. 

Asked how the "special” 
prisoners were selected, the ge- 
neral said: "We must think of 
the effect they might have on 
the other men. We prefer to 
keep them apart.” 

The cells, measuring 72.1 
metres by 2.4 metres, have 
thickly-barred windows which 
look down into a courtyard 
with a concrete tennis court. 

Inside Mr. Mandela’s cell 
was a bed with grey blankets 
and two pillows. A small pile 
of khaki clothing lay neatly 
folded on a shelf beside a 
picture of three young child- 
ren. 

Mr. Mandela’s books includ- 
ed the New English Bible, an 
economic history of Europe 
and Great Stories of Mystery 
and Suspense. The prison has 
a library of 6,500 books. 

' A small face -cloth hung on 
the barred steel door. Outside 
was a small white card marked 
”466/64 N Mandela 2300.” 

Next door was Mr. Mbeki, 
66, who was on a stepladder 
cleaning his window from the 
outside when the journalists 
came to his cdL 

About half the cells have 
beds. The prisoners without 
beds sleep on two sisal mats 
and two. felt mats with a max- 


imum issue of seven blankets. 

"We can't make beds avail- 
able to everybody because of 
accomodation problems,” said 
Gen. Roux. 

The number of prisoners 
has risen by 130 over the last 
year, due in part to the riots 
in South Africa's black and 
coloured townships. It was 
built to hold 650 people. It 
now accomodates 750 people - - 
prisoners, officers and their fa- 
milies. 

The prisoners work a five- 
day week with Saturday and 
Sunday off. Officers said the 
working day for prisoners was 
from 7:15 a.m. until 4:00. p.m., 
with one hour for lunch and 
smoking breaks. Among the 
places in which prisoners work 
are the tailor's shop and the 
shoe repair shop. 

The prison officers are usu- 
ally not armed, Gen Roux 
said. None of the officers seen 
by the newsmen carried guns. 

The prisoners are not al- 
lowed newspapers, radios or 
television for security reasons. 
They are permitted a maxi- 
mum of two visits a month 
of half an hour each in which 
lalk of politics and current 
events is forbidden. Only two 
letters a month are allowed 
in- and.. two out. subject ..to 
censorship:- - 

The men are effectively 
sealed off from the modem 
world. 

The prison is surrounded by ■ 
twin steel mesh fences about 
6 metres high and the same 
distance apart The rugby, soc- 
cer and tennis grounds have 
their own security fences. 

The island's greatest securi- 
ty fence is the sea. It is 5 
kms. to the nearest land and 
the waters are frequently 
rough and cold and treache- 
rous with undercurrents. 

Nobody has escaped from 
Robben Island, Gen. Roux said. 
Only two have tried, 15 years 
ago when ordinary Criminals 
were confined here. Their 
makeshift raft capsized a few 
metres from the island and 
they swam back into the arms 
of their jailers. 

Dr. Cyril Edelstein, District 
Surgeon for Cape Town and 
Robben Island, said 17 priso- 
ners had died here, all from 
natural causes. 

“Being a closed community 
on which we can keep a strict 
watch the state of health is 
excellent,” he said. 

Dr. Edelstein said four doc- 


tors, a dentist, an eye special- 
ist and a psychiatrist visited 
the prison regularly. Prisoners 
with serious complaints were 
shipped to major hospitals on 
the mainland, he said. 

He added that the sea air 
and the diet of the men cont- 
ributed to their welfare. Gen. 
Roux read out Monday’s menu: 
Breakfast - - mealie (maize) 
porridge, soup, coffee. Lunch 
-- mealie rice and puzaman dla 
(a high protein drink). Supper 
- - pork chops and chicken 
pieces, porridge, potatoes, 
bread and vegetables. 

The visit by the journalists 
had been kept a close secret 
until just before two Dakota 
aircraft flew them from Gape 
Town. 

This was to ensure that the 
journalists saw Robben Island 
as it was "on a normal Mon- 
day.” Gen. Roux said neither 
prisoners nor staff was pre- 
pared for the press. 

"Over the past 15 years.” 
said Gen. Roux,” all sorts of 
allegations have been made 
against Robben Island. It has 
been called a place which is 
something like a barren rock, 
the Alcatraz of South Africa - - 
it’s been compared even with 
Devil’s Island. 

‘“But treatment of prisoners 
here idheres to the Interna- 
tional Standard Minimum 
Rules accepted by the United 
Nations in 1955.” 


rimiAri any Involvesnait m foe 
mercenar y recruiting. Awl 
Zaire has denied it is recruiting 
mercenaries. 

It is unclear what role, if 
any, the U.S. government is 
playing in the large-scale fore-' 
jgn intervention on Mr- Mobu- 
tu’s behalf. Egyptian President 
Anwar Sadat ended a visit to 
Washington only two days be- 
fore Zaire announced that Mor- 
occan and Egyptian troops were 
pledged to Mr. Mobutu. While 
in Washington Mr. Sadat cited 
the situation in Zaire as part 
of Soviet efforts to dominate 
Africa, but there has bee n no 
indication that his moves woe 
discussed with die Carter ad- 
ministration. 

Officially, the administration 
has said that there is -ta> hard 
evidence” of any direct Ango- 
lan, Cuban or Soviet involve- 
ment in the Shaba conflict 
But President Carter has accus- 
ed Angola of providing “logis- 
tical support”. 

Morocco is also a close ally 
of the U.S. and a U.S. military 
assistance programme has sent 
more that $ 125-million to King 
Hassan since 1962. U.S. mili- 
tary aid has been crucial to 
Morocco’s conflict in tire West- 
ern Sahara with Algerian- 
backed Polisario guerrillas, over 
the phosphate-rich territory 
presently occupied by Morocco. 

T itep Mr. Mobutu, King Hass- 
an hag claimed that Cubans 
have been involved with the 
Polisario liberation movement 
in the Sahara. Lack of support 
from the Organisation of Afri- 
can Unity (OAU) on the Sahara 
question has led Morocco to 
withdraw from the OAU. Per- 
haps seeing an analogy bet- 
ween. his situation and Mr. 
Mobutu’s, King Hassan agreed 
to send troops. 

Although under the terms of 
the U.S. military aid program- 
me, Morocco is required to 
“obtain permission” from foe 
U.S. before using the equip- 
ment for a third party, on the 
day before foe first contingent 
of Moroccan troops arrived in 
Zaire on April 9, the U.S. State 
Department said it had not re- 
ceived any such request But 
U.S. officials gave tacit appro- 
val to Morocco’s action dis- 
tinguishing between African 
and non-African aid to Zaire. 
“The affairs of Africa should be 
settled by Africans,” said a 
high-level State Department 
official- 

Iii what appears to be part 
of an informal alliance with the 
U.S. against the Soviet Union, 
China is also sending 30 tons 
of military equipment to Zaire. 
The Chinese role is a continua- 
tion of its role during foe Ango- 
lan civil war when it .aided the 
Zaire-backed “force of the 
FNLA, led. *by Mr. Mobutu’s 
brother-in-law, Mr. Holden Ro- 
berto. China has supported 
Zaire’s claims blaming the 
Shaba conflict on a "Soviet so- 


intervention in Zaire 

EYES ON l S^J^ZAIRE 


Abdali 




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dal imperialist plot”. 

After more than a month, the 
rebel forces controlled about a 
third of Shaba Province, and 
were close to capturing the key 1 
town' of Kolwezi, the heart of 
Zaire’s copper industry which 
produces 65 per cent of its 
foreign exchange. 

The- fighting in Shaba has 
underscored what has been an 
open secret in Washington 1 for. 
many years : That the Zaire 
military is poo rly o rganised, 
undisciplined, corrupt and in- 
effective in battle. Irregular 
payments and salaries as low 
as $20 per month have not 
made for deep loyalty. 

According to informed sour- 
ces, the Katangese rebels’ sue-, 
cess has been welcomed in 
other parts of foe country. 
Zaire is in the midst of its 
deepest economic crisis since 
Mr. Mobutu took power in 
1965. It . is more than $2 hnitan 
in debt, teetering on foe verge 
of bankruptcy, with inflation 
over 50 per cent and growing 
shortages and deteriorating liv- 
ing conditions. 

Few observers were surpris- 
ed that the Katangese, ap- 
parently associated with foe 
National Front for the Libera- 
tion of the Congo (NFLC) which 
has claimed responsibility for 
the offensive, were reportedly 
welcomed as liberators by the 
local populace. 

Analysts say that Mr. Mobu- 
tu, one of the richest men in 
the world with palatial estates 
in Europe and each province in 
Zaire, has been facing increas- 
ing opposition at foe highest 
levels of his military, and with- 
in his awn ruling party, the Po- 
pular Revolutionary Movement. 
(MPR). 

Mr. Mobutu’s political surv- 
ival is attributed to his having 
woven together a nation in a 
patchwork guilt patronage sys- 
tem exchanging wealth and pri- 
vilege for fealty,.. cutting across 
tribal lines. . ’ *’ ” 

While an -inefficient but qua- 
si-functional hierarchy has held 
the country together, spending 
on ostentatious programmes ■ 
like a 40-mile super highway 


IfiMBtttOM. ■ 


from the capital, Kinshasa, to 
one of his palatial estates has 
'fed to a. stagnant economy 
ignoring much needed agricol- 
’ total development 

The xebeHkm in Shaba . In? 
appeared to strike- a popular 
nerve against the background 
of growing . discontent in . the 
face of deteriorating conditions. 

If the rebel forces could cut 
off tiie copper and other mine- 
rals (cobalt, zinc, uranium; etc.)- 
it could cripple foe Mobutu 
regime. This would then- test 
the coherency of foe opposi- 
tion. - ' - 

According to weti-Informed 
African sources, foe NFLC Js 
comprised largely - of. under- 
ground and ' exile Congolese 
(they rejed foe zuun& Zaire, as 
identified with Mr. Mobutu) in- 
cluding some -members of the 
first independence g overnment 
of Mr. Patrice Lumumba. v 
While in Southern Africa 
last ye&ivil got the Impression 
that the NFLC seeks fo create 
a broad united front o ppo sitio n 
to unseat Mr. Mobutu. So far, 
there has been no indication of 
foe scope of the opposition iso 
Mr. Mobutu outside Shaba. 

Even if foe Influx iff . hew, 
experienced troops and Weap-. 
ons repulses foe Shaba offen- 
sive, it maty have already trig- 
gered enough latent discontent 
to lead to a coup or other rebel- 
lions. .'t 

One h|g question that loams 
ahead is what foe OAU respon- 
se to Mr: Mobutu’s invitation to 
foreign, African troops and mer- 
cenaries to intervene, will be. 
Non-interference hi the internal 
affairs of other nations is a 
cardinal principle of the OAU, 
and as in . Angola, the Zaire 
conflictmay accentuate a grow- 
ing rift between, the more con- 
servative pro-Western states 
(Ivory Coast, . Zaire, Gabon, 
Morocco, Tunisia, Sengal, etc.) 
and more radical states (Le. 
.Gumea^Aowls^ Mozambique,. 
' Tanzania, ^Nigeria). But 'for 
Washington, the intervention 
appears to have sained what 
might have been an embaras- 
sing decision whether or not to 
bail out a key ally. 


Abdali 



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USEFUL ZELEraONE^ NUMBERS 

tobuhmee (Bweta meat) „.„; ia. 35UI 

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JORDAN HUES, FRIDAY, APRIL 29, 1977 



Hussein: Jordan has the 
richest resource of all: It’s youth 



,pHE following axe excerpts from the speech of Bis 
r ' s Majesty King Hussein at American University Wa- 
- D.c., April 27, 1977, when he wS^anflSi 

n hoDomary doctorate of law : 


*Xa(fies and gentlemen, the 
’ resident of your distinguished 

* diversity has had a long and 
'ose relationship with many of 
; in the Middle East. For years 

v , >o Sisco worked diligently an d 
■ r f = ■£* restively in the search for a 
j ; :S jddle East peace. He was dee- 
"|*-‘y involved in the feelings of 
1 -O Mendship and the controversies 
... the 'area. He was a frequent 
r - sitor to Jordan - - often acc- 
upanied hy Dr. Kissinger. In 
. : !e region, they could have 

' ■ -:en billed as the Lone Ran- 
and the Sisco Kid. 

. S "i welcome this friendly reu- 

-.m 

-c “My thoughts are prompted 
■ ■ a sense of the immense re- 

'■ 7. usabilities a head of state 
' ‘ s toward the young people 
his. nation. In Jordan, where 
r -'. ! :■ 4f the population is under 16, 
i where every third person 
"■ .7 'a student, the responsibility 
1 . 1 particularly vital one. Fort- 

■ -^itely, I commenced my 25 

‘ : Vus as King at a young age 

•.^a circumstance that, 1 think, 
- M ;.i served me well in compre- 

■ iding the dreams and needs 
. 4 ’an entire generation. I was 

*y 17 and still a student when 
. became king. Naturally, 1 
■ ng ht with me all the high 
tiism and confident hopes 
lyouth . . . and, I must conf- 
a fhir amount of the im- 
: tive energy of that age. 
.-From the beginning, I felt 

■ close and anxious affinity 
• -i the youth of my country, 

■ -1 the members of my gene- 

- on. I wanted to be not only 
-~j- monarch, but their rep- 

■ _ ntative as welL I wanted 
" share with them an exper- 

,.e of growth on a deeply 
, , ian and personal level. I 
ted honest and open oomm- 
. jation with them. Now, 25 
; later, I would like to 
. ' "k that I have succeeded and 
" we have grown closer toge- 

- as brothers ’ and sisters, 
ing out of the many exper- 
ts we share a strong fern-- 

" 'xmd of mutual trust, loyal- 
• ; ' nd love. 

; ordan is still a young coun- 
- but we have made consi- 

* hie progress. Despite eco- 


nomic difficulties, constant po- 
htical stress, and recurring mil- 
itary confrontations, we have 
advanced economically and so- 
cially. 

“This was accomplished with- 
out the benefit of natural res- 
ources that some of our neigh- 
bours possess. There is no oil 
beneath our sands --at least 
none has been discovered. Some 
people claim this is a hidden 
advantage. I have been told it 

ouuas character ” That may be 
so. Certainly, one is compelled 
to work ha rder. 

“But the truth of the mat- 
ter is that Jordan has, perhaps, 
the richest resource of all - - 
a young, intelligent, energetic 
people. And we have placed our 
hopes on that. Our highest pri- 
ority is, and has been, the edu- 
cation of our young. Like most 
Arab youth, they have an inte- 
nse desire for knowledge ... 
and they seek to acquire it at 
its highest and most disciplined 
level. 

- As a society, the Arabs 
were in decline from 1500 to 
1900. The present cultural and 
political renaissance of the Ar- 
ab World is only sixty years 
old. It originated with the fight 
for independence in 1916, when 
my great-grandfather, Sharif 
Hussein, raised the banner of 
Arab nationalism that ended 
400 dark years of Ottoman do- 
mination. It marked our nation- 
al rebirth and enabled us to 
begin to devote our energies 
to redevelop our nations 
enrich the quality of our lives. 

"The progress in Jor dan has 
been quite dramatic. Thirty 
years ago, our capital city, 
Amman, was a sleepy little des- 
ert town. Today, it is a modem 
center serving the entire Middle 
East. Our people are ambitious 
and hard-working. We believe 
in the work ethic, free enter- 
prise and an open society. Our 
educational system is free and 
compulsory to the ninth grade. 
We have raised our national 
literacy rate to almost 70 per 
cent -- one of the highest in 
the Arab World. Twenty-seven 
per cent of our college-age yo- 
uth attend Institutions of higher 



HUSSEIN HONOURED -- Hte Majesty King Hussein receives an 
honourary doctor of law degree during ceremonies at the Ameri- 
can University in Washington Wednesday. At left is Mr. Joseph 
Sisco, president of the university. (AP wirephoto). 


learning. We spend seven per 
cent of our annual gross pro- 
duct on education. 

"The roots of our educational 
system are nourished in Arabic 
culture and Islamic heritage. 
But we draw heavily on Wes- 
tern educational ideas and sta- 
ndards. We believe that through 
this combination of classical 
tradition and modem technolo- 
gy, new generations of Jordani- 
ans can enter this modem age 
with the benefits of both, the- 
reby avoiding the spiritual alie- 
nation and search for identity 
which plague so many today. 

"There is also a new genera- 
tion of women in Jordan. The 
common stereotype of the Arab 
woman needs little description. 
You are familiar with it -- a 
veiled and oppressed individu- 
al, confined to a harem. The 
truth is, our women’s battle 
for liberation dates from the 
American suffrage movement. 
While Arab men were stragg- 
ling for political independence, 
Arab women were struggling to 
shed the veil. Today, in many 
Arab countries, that veil and 
all it represents is rapidly be- 
coming a thing of the past" 
"We cannot continue to div- 
ert precious resources for wars 
we do not want and cannot aff- 
ord. Our young people, like 
young people everywhere, do 
not want war. They know war 
is an arch enemy and that with- 
out peace there can be no las- 
ting growth or prosperity. 


"In the span of my lifetime, 
our area has never enjoyed 
peace. But it has been, and con- 
tinues to be, my ultimate goal 
- - and that of my people. 

"But. one hand cannot clap 
alone, and we in the Arab Wor- 
ld cannot alone create or im- 
pose that peace. The Arab-Is- 
raeli conflict is not our crea- 
tion. It was imposed upon us. 
It is the only trend of history 
that has been going against our 
national progress, development 
and movement toward indepen- 
dence. The dismemberment of 
Palestine and the progressive 
expansion of Israel m the Arab 
World runs counter to the natu- 
ral flow of history. This came 
about initially at a time when 
the colonial powers had over- 
whelming superiority of force 
in our area. The present occup- 
ation runs counter to the pro- 
cess of decolonisation in the 
world, and the principle of self- 
determination now deeply roo- 
ted in international think ing. 

"It should not be so difficult 
to understand that after thirty 
years and fouT costly wars, nea- 
rly three million Palestinians in 
exile or under Israeli occupa- 
tion still insist on their rights. 

“It is obvious that justice 
must be done to the Palestinian 
people. Israel needs to redef- 
ine its national goals in peace- 
ful and constructive terms ins- 
tead of the present military 
and territorial terms. 

“Israel must make the his- 


toric decision to live with its 
environment rather than con- 
tinue to fight against it. She 
must address herself to the le- 
gitimate grievances of the Pal- 
estinians, those who were ex- 
pelled and uprooted from their 
homeland must exercise the ri- 
ght of return or compensation. 
Those who have lived, since 
1967, under Israeli occupation 
must be allowed to exercise 
their right to self-determination, 
including their right to establish 
a national political entity af- 
ter Israeli withdrawal. This is 
the only viable and moral de- 
finition of the idea that Presi- 
dent Carter boldly expressed 
when he called for "a homeland 
for the Palestinians." When Is- 
rael has withdrawn from the 
Arab territories it occupied in 
1967. and when the Palestinian 
people have established their 
national political entity, a bin- 
ding and total peace can be 
secured and guaranteed. The 
Arab side agrees to this. We 
in Jordan support the right of 
the Palestinian people to self- 
determination in their own ho- 
meland. We are ready to estab- 
lish strong ties with the Pales- 
tinian national entity on a vol- 
untary and brotherly basis. 

"We, in the Arab World, have 
a deep historic experience in 
pluralism, co-existence with in- 
ternal and external realities 
and tolerant peace. We have no 
fear of resuming this tradition 
if our rights are not violated 
and our dignity not undermi- 
ned. The Israelis will have to 
learn this experience which may 
be more difficult, but certainly 
more rewarding, than learning 
to live with war. 

"My current visit to Washin- 
gton heightens my hopes. I dare 
to contemplate that soon wea- 
pons can be put down. I want 
to hear the tracks of bulldo- 
zers, not tanks ... the footst- 
eps of travellers, not troops. Let 
war be banished from our lands 
forever, so that we may en- 
gage our minds and energies 
in the development of the area. 

"As your oldest and closest 
Arab friend, we ask that you 
exert all of your efforts to help 
bring peace to our area. We all 
have an important stake in the 
outcome. I am convinced that 
with the dedication and coope- 
ration of all concerned, peace 
can be achieved." 


Jordan, Syria 
to unify civil 
defence laws 

DAMASCUS, (JNA). — Jordan 
and Syria have reached agree- 
ment on the unification of their 
civil defence laws and regula- 
tion, as well as the unification 
of training methods and pro- 
grammes, it was learn here Th- 
ursday. Joint courses are to be 
held in Amman and rtamacmg. 

The two countries also agre- 
ed to bolster coordination be- 
tween their civil defence ma- 
chineries. 

The Jordanian and Syrian 
teams headed by the Director 
General of the Jordanian Civil 
Defence, Maj.-Gen. Khaled A! 
Tarawneh, and Director Gene- 
ral of Syrian Civil Defence Ab- 
dul Ghani Jamal, concluded 
their meeting here Thursday. 

Prince Hassan 
recommends 
industrial 
seminar 

AMMAN (JNA). — His High- 
ness Prince Hassan the Vice- 
roy Thursday recommended 
holding a seminar grouping 
Jordanian industrialists and 
government departments con- 
cerned to discuss difficulties 
facing local industry and so- 
lutions with the aim of boost- 
ing production to fulfill the 
needs of Jordan’s domestic and 
export markets. 

The Viceroy's made his call 
during an inspection tour of in- 
dustries in Zarqa and Sweileh. 
on which be was accompanied 
by the minister of industry 
and commerce. 


SURGEONS 
OPEN ANNUAL 
CONFERENCE 

AMMAN (JNA). — The Fifth 
Annual Conference of the Jor- 
danian Surgeons* Association 
opened at the Professional Sy- 
ndicates Complex here Thurs- 
day. 

The chairman of the associa- 
tion, Dr. Nabih Mu’amznar, said 
the conference was meant to 
motivate reading, research and 
the exchange of information. 

Dr. Selwyn Taylor, Professor 
of Surgeory at London’s Ham- 
mersmith University is taking 
part In the conference. 


Furs 3 


Cereal Workshop 
ends 5-day meet 


AMMAN (JNA). — The Fourth 
Regional Winter Cereal Work- 
shop (Barley), an international 
seminar on the improvement of 
cereal production, concluded a 
five-day session here Thursday 
with a recommendation that te- 
chnical institutes be set up for 
the development of seed produ- 
ction and seed distribution to 
fanners, specially in areas wh- 
ere the rainfall average is be- 
low 200 mins. 

The seminar also recommen- 
ded making available scientific 
informations to institutions that 
serve farmers, particularly in 
the production of improved se- 
eds. The seminar called for the 
training of personnel engaged 
in scientific research, who wo- 
uld transmit the results of their 
research to the farmers. 

Participants thanked Prince 
Hassan the Viceroy for opening 
the seminar. 

At the conclusive session, he- 
ld at the University of Jordan 
delegates from Egypt, the Uni- 
ted States, and the Mexican 
Smith Organisation spoke on 
ways followed in their countr- 
ies to improve and increase pro- 
duction of cereals. Delegations 
also looked at reports and pa- 
pers on the subject of impro- 
ving barley production, and fi- 
ghting plant diseases. 

Some 150 agricultural exper- 
ts and researchers from forty 
countries took part in the five- 
day seminar which was orga- 

Work to start 
on grain silos 

AMMAN (JNA). — The Cabi- 
net Thursday gave the go ahe- 
ad for construction work to 
start on two grain silos in Am- 
man and Aqaba, each unit to 
accommodate 50,000 tonnes. 

Work on the project will be- 
gin within two months and is 
expected to be completed wi- 
thin a maximum of 22 months. 


nised by the International Cen- 
tre for Agricultural Research 
of Arid Areas at Aleppo, the 
International Centre for the De- 
velopment of Wheat and Maize 
in Mexico and the Faculty of 
Agriculture at the U.S. Mon- 
tana University, in cooperation 
with the Jordanian Ministry of 
Agriculture and the Faculty of 
Agriculture at the University 
of Jordan. 

Prince Hassan Thursday mor- 
ning gave a breakfast in hono- 
ur of the participants in the 
seminar who will be leaving 
here Friday for Syria to look 
into the Syrian experiment in 
cereal improvement and to visit 
the International Centre for Ag- 
ricultural Research in the Arid 
Areas in Aleppo. 


Exchange Rates 


Following are the official ex- 
change rates in effect at the 
start of today's business day, 
as set by the Central Bank .of 
Jordan. 


The first column is how much 
you would receive in Jorda- 
nian fils for selling a unit of 
the foreign currency, while the 
second column denotes how 
much it would cost you to buy 
a unit of the foreign currency : 


U.K. sterling 
U.S. dollar 
German mark 
French franc 
Swiss franc 
Italian lira (for 
every 100) 
Saudi riyal 
Lebanese pound 
Syrian pound 
Iraqi dinar 
Kuwaiti dinar 
Egyptian pound 
Libyan dinar 
UAE dirham 


569.0 575.0 

330.0 332.0 

139.7 M0.1 

6G.7 67.0 

131.3 131.7 

37.4 37.6 
93.4 93.3 

105.7 109.2 
80.8 81.0 

945.0 950.0 
1140.0 1152.0 

460.0 470.0 

810.0 820.0 

54.5 85.2 


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Developing countries call on industrial 


nations to pursue economic growth 


Credit Suisse 
scandal 
Swiss banking 





MS* 


WASHINGTON, April 28 <R). 
— Developing countries yester- 
day called for adequate econo- 
mic growth among the stronger 
industrialised nations to sus- 
tain the world economic coun- 
tries. 

The call, mainly directed at 
the United States, West Ger- 
many and Japan, came in a 
communique issued after two 
days of meetings involving fin- 
ance ministers and technical ex- 
pens from Africa, Asia and 
Latin America. 

Economic Planning Commis- 
sioner Robert Gardiner of Gha- 
na. chairman of the 24-coun- 
try group, told reporters that 
the less developed countries 
were anxious about what they 
saw as "a marked low-down in 
economic activity in the indus- 
trial countries during the se- 
cond half of 1970.” 

The communique said that to 
counter this trend “adequate 
demand expansion policies 
should be pursued by the sur- 
plus industrial countries to sus- 
tain the economic recovery.” 

After their meetings, " the 
third world ministers joined 
ministers from the industrialis- 


ed countries in discussions ab- 
out the world economy and the 
financial problems of countries 
with severe balance-of-pay- 
ments difficulties. 

Mr. Gardiner, chairman of 
the group which brings to- 
gether eight ministers from 
each of the three developing 
regions, told journalists that, 
at their next meeting in Sep- 
tember, the 24 states would 
examine the implications for 
the U.S. economy of President 
Carter’s decision to drop a plan- 
ned 50 dollar-per person tax 
rebate. 

President Carter withdrew 
his tax rebate proposal two 
weeks ago. saying that the U.S. 
economy did not need it any 
more. 

The message to the stronger 
industrialised countries from 
Mr. Gardiner and his colleagues 
was being pushed home at me- 
etings later tomorrow and fri- 
day. 

The two committees involv- 
ed in the meetings represent 
the interests of all the 130 me- 
mber countries of the Interna- 
tional Monetary Fund (IMF) 
and its sister agency, the World 


U.S. oil imports exceed 
$4 billion in March 


WASHINGTON, April 28 (R>. 
— America's bill for imported 
oil rose above four billion dol- 
lars in March, pushing the 
country's trade balance into a 
record deficit for the fourth 
time in the past five months, 
the government said today. 

Imports exceeded exports by 
2.39 billion dollars in March, 
surpassing the previous record 
of 1.87 billion dollars in Feb- 
ruary, the commerce depart- 
ment reported. 

The deficit for the year now 
stands at 5.92 billion dollars, 
slightly more than that for all 
of last year. 

Government analysts had 
been blaming much of the de- 
ficit in the first two months 
of the year on bad weather 
and attendant transportation 
problems. 


Strike grips 
French capital 


But the latest figures showed 
the U.S. trade performance to 
be worse than the administra- 
tion had originally expected. 

The figures appeared certain 
to emphasise President Garter’s 
position that the nation needs 
to impose strict energy con- 
servation measures. 

A record 332.6 million bar- 
rels of oil were imported in 
March - - a 53 per cent increase 
over a year ago. 

Overall, imports rose 6.7 
per cent in value to a record 
12.46 billion dollars while ex- 
ports advanced nearly three 
per cent to 10.07 billion dol- 
lars. 

The commerce department 
said the increase in exports 
was attributable primarily to 
increased grain shipments, one 
category restricted by the sev- 
ere winter. 

On the import side, other 
gainers besides petroleum 
were manufactured goods, bev- 
erages and tobacco. 


PARIS, April 28 (R). — A 
24-hour strike in protest against 
government wage policies and 
unemployment today paralysed 
public transport and cut power 
supplies in French cities. 

France's two big left-wing 
unions called the strike and an 
estimated one million workers 
joined it. 

Huge traffic jams built up in 
Paris because the metro (under- 
ground railway) nearly came to 
a halt during the morning rush 
hour. Train and air services 
were also badly hit. 

Electricity cuts caused chaos 
in homes, shops and offices in 
much of Paris. 

The strike was organised by 
the communist-led Confedera- 
tion General du Travail (CGT) 
and the left-wing Confederation 
Francaise Democrarique du Tra- 
vail (CFDT) in protest against 
a government programme on 
wages and unemployment. 


U.S. and Cuba 
conclude zone 
and fisheries 
agreement 


WASHINGTON, April 28 
(AFP). — The United States 
and Cuba today concluded a 
fisheries agreement and an ac- 
cord on the limitation of the 
ocean zones between the two 
countries, a joint statement is- 
sued here announced. 


The agreement was conclud- 
ed in Havana. 


The agreements came after 
a series of direct talks, the 
first in 16 years, between U.S. 
and Cuban representatives in 
New York last month, and a 
new round of talks in Havana 
over the past three weeks. 


WALL STREET REPORT 


APOLOGY 


The Jordan limes apologises to Its readers 
tor the non-appearance of the New York stock 
exchange report for Thursday. This was cau- 
sed by abnormal conditions affecting our rece- 
iving equipment. 


LONDON MARKET REPORT 


The market closed mixed after being higher in light trading, 
dealers said. At 5:00 the F.T. Index was up. 

Equities turned back after expectations of a reduction in the 
minimum lending rate did not materialise and subsequent indica- 
tions from the Bank of England that it favoured only a marginal 
reduction tomorrow, dealers added. 

Government bonds ended with net rises of 3/8 among shorts 
and other maturities averaged 1/4 point gains. Gold shares 
weakened with the bullion price. American, Canadian and Aus- 
tralians shares firmed. 

Oils were again the active sector. Shell finished 4p up having 
risen around I Op. B.P. and Ultramar eased 6p and 3p respectively. 

Industrials showed mixed movements of up 6p either way. 

Hoover ended lOp down after first quarter results while 
Marks and Spencer. Vickers and Lead Industries showed falls of 
2p after full year figures. 


Bank. The former deals with 
economic and aid issues and the 
latter with the global economic 
outlook and international mone- 
tary affairs. 

Mr. Gardiner underlined the 
point made in his ministerial 
group's communique that the 

non-oil producing developing 
countries were not getting suf- 
ficient benefits from the world 
economic recovery which began 
in 1976. 

"These countries are still 
beset with serious balance of 
payments problems," he said. 

Mr. Gardiner said that in the 
second half of 1976 the an- 
nual rate of expansion of non- 
oil trade had declined to about 
seven per cent compared with 
about 14 per cent in the first 
half of the year. 


If this trend continued it 
would aggravate the problems 
of the developing countries, Mr. 
Gardiner said. 

The ministers’ communique 
said the financial imbalance suf- 
fered by the poorer non-oil co- 
untries as a result of exporting 
less than they imported was 28 
billion dollars in 1976. 

This was less than the 1975 
figure of 38.4 billion dollars. 
Projections for this year pur 
the amount at about the same 
as 1976, the communique ad- 
ded. 

Despite the reduction in the 
size of the payments deficit 
last year, the communique said 
developing nations would not be 
able to attain their economic 
growth targets unless special 
means were taken to increase 


the amount of money available 
to them through a variety of 
different schemes. 


The statement also urged a 
reduction in barriers raised ag- 
ainst the exports of the deve- 
loping nations. 

The ministers called for the 
speedy adoption by the IMF of 
a special supplementary credit 
facility totalling around 16 bil- 
lion dollars proposed by IMF 
Managing Director Johannes 
Witteveen. 

This "Witteveen facility” 
would receive contributions 
from both the oil exporting co- 
untries and the richest indus- 
trial nations and make loans to 
all those IMF member coun- 
tries facing balance of pay- 
ments problems. 


Stalled North-South Dialogue 
begins in good atmosphere 


PARIS, April 28 (R). — The 
two co-chairmen of the North- 
South Dialogue said today they 
have successfully re-launched 
the stalled economic negotia- 
tions between rich and poor 
nations. 

The 27-member negotiations, 
designed to point the way to 
a fairer world economic sys- 
tem, had been stalled for five 
months until full-scale bargain- 
ing resumed here on Tuesday. 

"We have re-launched the 
conference successfully,” Cana- 
dian Deputy Premier Allan 
Maceachen told a press confe- 
rence. "The atmosphere is 
good.” 

Fellow Co-Chainnan Manuel 
Perez Guerrero, the Venezuelan 
Minister of State, confirmed 
this and added “the committ- 


ment of all of us has been re- 
affirmed." 

But Senor Perez Guerrero 
said the 19 oil exporters and 
developing countries at the ne- 
gotiations had complained to 
die eight member industrial 
group about the lack of con- 
crete proposals. 

"There have been very few 
proposals from the eight and 
no very clear replies to our 
proposals,” the Venezuelan mi- 
nister said. 

Mr. Maceachen said the gro- 
up of eight members -- which 
include the United States, Ca- 
nada, Japan and the European 
Common Market were still wo- 
rking out their position. 

The negotiations, which co- 
ver energy, raw materials, aid 
and financial issues, reach their 


France, Vietnam establish 
joint commission and plans 
for post-war recovery 


PARIS, April 28 ( R ). — 
France and Vie tnam yesterday 
set up a permanent joint com- 
mission to promote bilateral re- 
lations at the end of a visit by 
Vietnamese Premier Pham Van 
Dong which he said had ful- 
filled a life-long dream -- re- 
conciliation between France 
and its former colony. 

To give substance to the new 
relationship, France was ex- 
pected to contribute more than 
three billion francs (600 mil- 
lion dollars) in grants and soft 
loans over the next five years 
to help Vietnam’s post-war re- 
covery, french official said. 

Paris was providing credits 
this year for the construction 
of a one billion franc (200 mil- 
lion dollar) iron and steel com- 
plex near Hanoi by the French 
Creusot-Loire engineering con- 
cern they said. 

Other projects being launch- 
ed this year with French help 
included a cement factory near 
Ho Chi Minh City, formerly 
Saigon, and a cotton mill, 
officials added. 

The agreement setting up 


the joint commission, which 
will cover economic, political, 
technological and cultural re- 
lations, was signed at the 
foreign ministry in the presen- 
ce of Mr. Dong and French 
Prime Minister Raymond Barre. 

The- visit by Mr. Dong, his 
first to the West since the end 
of the Vietnam War in 1975, 
holds special significance be- 
cause of talks starting here 
next Tuesday between Vietna- 
mese and Ui>. officials on nor- 
malising Hanoi's relations with 
Washington^ 

Following talks with Presi- 
dent Valery G is card d’Estaing 
Tuesday and Wednesday the 
71-year-old Hanoi leader said 
the reconciliation with his 
country’s former colonial rul- 
ers had fulfilled a life’s dream. 

Mr. Dong also visited the 
French petroleum institute and 
said negotiations with the Corn- 
pagnie Francaise des Petroles 
and Elf-Aquitaine on oil explo- 
ration off the Vietnamese coast 
were progressing satisfactorily. 

The Hanoi leader leaves for 
home today. 


ECONOMIC NEWS BRIEFS 


SINGAPORE, April 28 (R). — Traces of oil and gas have 
been found in Vietnam’s Red River Delta, Radio Hanoi repor- 
ted yesterday. The broadcast, monitored here, gave no indi- 
cation of the size of the discovery. 

* LISBON, April 28 (R). — Portugal and the Arab World 
have set up a chamber of commerce to promote the develop- 
ment of economic and industrial relations, a news conference 
was told today. Dr. Habchi Abdelkader of Algeria, President 
of the Portuguese-Arab Chamber of Commerce, told journal- 
ists that the organisation was formed last February and inc- 
luded 21 Arab countries as members. He said Arab countries 
were particularly interested in obtaining Portuguese techni- 
cal advise and that cooperation in the field of building const- 
ruction could expand. 

# TEL AVIV, April 28 (R). — The Tel Aviv Chamber of Com- 
merce said last night that a trading company seeking business 
contacts in Israel was not a Soviet one, as first believed, but 
was West German. An Intorg official telephoned the Chamber 
of Commerce from West Germany and said it was a Frank- 
furt-based company with branches in Moscow, Sevres, London, 
New York .and Vienna. 


# OCCUPIED JERUSALEM, April 28 (R). — Israel and West Ger- 
many have reached agreement for mutual trucking rights which 
will enable each country’s lorries to use the other’s roads. 


* NICOSIA. April 28 (R). — Many consumer goods are con- 
siderably more expensive in the Turkish-controlled northern 
part of Cyprus than in the Greek-controlled south, according 
to Turkish Cypriot newspaper survey published here yester- 
day. The newspaper Halkin Sesl, a constant critic of the 
Turkish Cypriot administration said flour, bread, rice, marge- 
rine, cheese, milk powder, cucumbers and tomatoes were all 
more than twice the price in the north than the south. 


# DETROIT, April 28 (R). — General Motors said Wednesday 
it made a profit of 903 million dollars id the first three months' 
of 1977, a company record for any first quarter. The world’s 
biggest car maker, G.M. said its sales totalled 13.6 billion dol- 
lars and it attributed the improvement to the strength of the 
U.S. economy. 


Price of gold closed in London Thursday at $145.60/oz. 


WASHINGTON, April 28 (R). — A Carter administration 
official said today developing nations could be 100 million 
tonnes short of grain annually by 1985 and urged use of 
America’s academic talents to extend fanning know-how to 
these countries. “The United States will not be able to feed 
the world,” Mr. John Gilligan, Administrator of the Agency 
for International Development (A_I.D.) said. ^ The solution to 
the world food problem, he told a Senate foreign relations 
subcommittee hearing, was to accelerate agricultural output 
in the developing countries of the Third World 


final, decisive stage at a minis- 
terial meeting here on May 30. 
The meeting was originally due 
last December, but had to be 
postponed because of lack of 
progress in the preparatory ba- 
rgaining. 

Mr. Maceachen admitted the- 
re were differences within the 
industrial camp, notably on 
how far they should go tow- 
ards meeting developing coun- 
try demands for the creation of 
a common fund to stabilise the 
price of commodities. • 

But the Canadian minister 
said he could see no advanta- 
ge in postponing the ministerial 
meeting again. “We better pre- 
pare the conference and get it 
over with." he said. 

He said the four key areas 
in the negotiations were coo- 
peration on energy, debt relief, 
official development aid and 
the common fund. 

Detailed preparations will 
now get under way ag ain in 
specialised groups, lasting thro- 
ugh to the middle of May, the- 
re will then be a final meeting 
of senior officials to prepare 
for the ministerial meeting. 


ZURICH, April 28 (AFP). — 
The Credit Suisse basking 
oranrial which could involve 
the biggest loss suff ered by a 
Swiss bank in the postwar era, 
severely shaken this coun- 
try's exclusive banking com- 
munity. 

This was reflected in news- 
paper headlines today which 
spoke of a ’banking earth- 
quake* and “a wind of tolly" 
in the banking world. 

The disclosure two weeks 
ago a massive misuse of funds 
deposited with the Credit 
Suisse’s Chiasso Branch has 
tarnished the Image of Swiss 
banks firstly because the 
scandal involves one of the 
most respected banking houses 
- - the 120-year old Credit 
Suisse is the country’s oldest 
bank -- and secondly because 
losses, according to some re-- 
ports, could exceed the 25 mil- 
lion Swiss francs (just under 
100 million dollars) first re- 
ported when the scandal be- 
gan. 

These reports have received 
indirect backing through an of- 
ficial statement announcing 
possible aid in the range of 
3,000 million Swiss francs 
(1,2 00 million dollars). 

The statement said the Swiss 
National Bank -- die Central 
Bank and die two closest ri- 
vals of the Credit Suisse, the 
Swiss Banking Corporation 
and the Swiss Union Bank, 
were prepared to mobilise 
such assistance if needed. 

Up to now, the biggest loss 
suffered by any single Swiss- 
based Bank totalled 230 mil- 
lion Swiss francs (nearly 9 
million dollars and resulted 
from unauthorised foreign ex- 
change speculation by staff of 
the Lugano Branch of the 
British-owned Lloyds Interna- 
tional Bank. 

Bankers here view the most 
serious aspect of the scandal 
as the doubt it has cast on 
the integrity of the Swiss 
banking system because out- 
right fraud is involved and not 
simply losses incurred by 
doubtful handling of foreign 
exchange operations. 


The Chiasso Brandt mana- 
ger was detained on Monday 
on charges of improper ma- 
nagement and falsification of 
documents after having alle- 
gedly transfered money depo- 
sited with the branch to a Licht- 
enstein company which In turn 
invested the funds in a num- 
ber of Italian companies, the 
management of which has been 
described as questionable. 

■ The manager, Ernst 
Kuhrmeier, and his two assis- 
tants, Mainrad Perier - and 
Claudio Laffranch, also de- 
tained on the same charges, 
are said to have placed a total of 
2,500 million Swiss francs 
(1,000 million dollars) through 
the Lichtenstein Insurandng 
Company. Experts here believe 
it will be very' hard for the 
Credit Suisse, to recover all 
this money even if it has ta- 
ken over some of the Italian 
firms in which the money was 
invested. 

According to reports here, 
the three men carried out 
their operations through a 
double accounting system 
without the general manage- 
ment’s knowledge. What wor- 
ries bankers here is that no 
one can affirm that the bank- 
ing houses could not be hit by 
similar problems in future 

The hesitations of the Credit 
Suisse management in produc- 
ing facts and the clumsy word- 
ing of the official statement 
associating 3,000 million franc 
U.S. backing tor the bank 
were seen here as factors . 
contributing heavily to the 
sharp actions yesterday on the 
stock exchange, the foreign ex- 
change market and in the 
banks themselves, which were 
faced with withdrawals of 
funds by customers. 

On the stock exchange, - 
Swiss shares were depressed 
across the board yesterday 
with the banking sector harm- 
fully hit The Swiss _ credit - 
share itself, quoted at 2,650 
francs last Friday took a 
tumble on Monday after, the 
news of the arrest and was 
down to 1,950 francs at one 
point yesterday. The bank 


bought its ownstodc to halt 
the slide. . 

Hie share farad slightly bet- 
ter today: apparently, after fa- 
terveation by several banks on 
the market. Blit the recovery : 
could also signal a return to 
calm; ; likewise, the Swiss 
francs , recovered today after 
feeling the impact of the scan- 
dal yesterday.- - 

The credit Suisse Bank with 
a turnover of 40,000 million 
Swiss francs (nearly 16,000 
million dollara) last, year- and ~ 
net profits, of 200 million francs 
(80 million dollara), should in 
fact be ts a position to sup- 
port its losses, whatever the 
amount given the possibility 
of aid from other banks. 

The band . has already an- 
nounced that the clients of the 
Chiasso Branch wiH be- repaid 
75 ■ per cent of their losses 
immediately, with the balance 
to be paid at a later date. 


vehicle 
exports up 111 
per cent 


TOKYO. April 28 (R). — 
Japan's - vehicle exports -last 
year rose 27.7 per crak to an 
all-time ‘ high -of 3320 /XX) 
units, the Japan Automobile 
Manufacturers Association 
said today. 


Passenger car exports were 
up 2 4J5 per cent from the fis- 
cal year 1975, trucks rose 34A 
per cent and buses 33 per- 
cent. The previous record total 
was 2,990,000 units in fiscal 
1975.. 

The association said the 
United States was the biggest 
customer tor Japanese vehic- 
les, with 1,360,000 units, fol- 
lowed by . Australia with 
284£00 and Saadi Arabia with 
235,900, up 66 per cent. 


Exports to Britain rose 17.2 
per _oentL to .250,400 units. . . . 



Wheel power — will power 


Pakistani peddles his way around the world 



By Fernando Francis 

Special to the Jordan Times 


A sport bicycle, frayed dun- 
garees, and a wind breaker, a 
tent and some very few per- 
sonal things; these are the 
things carried by the 25 years 
old 5-foot 5, Faruq Nadym from 
Pakistan in his round the 
world tour on bicycle. 

The whole thing started 15 
years ago in Pakistan with 
young Faruq reading the ad- 
ventures of the pioneers and 
getting impressed and very in- 
terested. He packed up his be- 
longings two years ago, pur- 
chased a bicycle and began an 
eight-year 128,000 kms. trip 
around the world. His parents 
relatives and friends consider- 
ed him insane. 



Sea bike - - Faruq eyes his 
new vehicle. 


“World tour on bicycle" which 
issues a publication. The reve- 
nue of the advertisements in 
this publication are transferred 
to him to support his tour. Hie 
is also a free-lancer to three 
newspapers in Pakistan and in 
every country he reaches the 
Pakistani Embassies take care 
of him. 

On Dec. 18 1975 he left 
Afghanistan travelling to Iran, 
Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, 
Bahrain, Qatar and the United 
Arab Emirates then back to 
Oman and Saudi Arabia. Then 
he rode up to Syria, Turkey, 
Lebanon and Syria and now 
Jordan after which he will tra- 
vel back to Saudi Arabia. 

In Saudi Arabia this- time 
he will buy a sea cycle and try 
to cross the sea between Jed- 
dah and Port Sudan. Another 
crazy adventure which will be 
impossible especially on a sea 
bike. 

The sea bike looks like a 
small sail boat with no sail, a 
bicycle seat and pedals, located 
in the midst, and it moves by 
the power of paddling. Thinking 
about all the obstacles which 
he will face in this trip like 
sleeping, paddling for a week 
or more, navigation difficulties, 
etc. justify the whole project 
as the talk of an insane person. 
But that also was said about 
his tour of the world on a 
oicycle. No matter what . the 
obstacles are Faruq is insisting 
on going along with the whole 
trip. 


Svgp 



Faruq mounted atop his bicycle after covering, 38,000 
kms. 


Now after two years and 
38,000 kms. Nadym, energetic 
as ever, arrived in Amman. 

His crazy trip started in 
Pakistan in March 1975. After 
touring the whole of Pakistan 
he cycled his way to Afghanis- 
tan through the mountaineous 
roads. There he was involved in 
an accident and was hospital- 
ised for 2 months. 

Recovering from his injuries 
and with no intentions of go- 
ing back to his broken home 
he was again gripped with 
wonder lust. He got himself 
checked up and was found 
healthy, wrote his will, in 
which he stated that in case of 
death his body would be do- 
nated to a medical institution 
in the country where he died. 

He also obtained an insu- 
rance policy to cover all the 
necessary expenses in case of 
any accident abroad. 

Financing his wanderings in 
the world the Cyclist's Com- 
mittee in Pakistan formed a 
private organisation called 


Faruq looks 
for Daisy 


PAKISTANI cyclist Faruq 
X Nadym ' is in Iran oh a 
128,000-kilometrd round-the- 
world trip ... and he’s looking 
for “Daisy” to go along with 
him. 

'To willing to marry any girl 
who trill accompany me,” he 
said yesterday. 


Nadym aims to cover’150 
countries on his bicycle — built 
for one not two at present — 
and expects h wiQ take him six 
years and cost $45 jOOO. 


Ha trip is being financed by 
well-wishers in Karachi and 


He said, “For me this trip Is 
an educational tour. After my 
graduation from the University 
of Pakistan as a BJL I didn't 
want to get into the routine of 
life immediately. Actually I 
wanted most of all in in life to 
see the whole world and meet 
all kinds of people and learn 
everything about the world I’m 
living on. The best way to do 
it, is by what Pm doing right 
now. 


port lorries (TlRs). That : was:" 


very dangerous. As X was paddt- jjj. 


mg my way upwards the bicy- 
cle slipped and T toll down. 

The bicycle broke. I felt so sad, 
and I sat bn the Skte of^fhei 
road crying. Real tears i wertf 
pouring from. my. eyes; -v 
"By losing the cycle I rat 1 

that I was fimshed. A passenger .n' 

bus passed "by me and toe driv- \ 
er insisted an taking me' along- ^ ( 
with him . hut I refused, be-i* Tift 
cause, it is. aga instm y princi-.' iu r i u 
pie to ride in anything except. 


a bicycle- So l carried it' „ 

kept gp^-tiP the first tpwn i ty ll n 

MB ** •' 1 


where I bought 'a new one. 
Travelling around (he 


“Of course l have been 
through a lot of djflkaiitf ps and 
dangers but that is nothing to 
me. Except for once Pve never 

bothered; that time was when D 

Ilost my bicycle. It happened is a vety expensive thing, tirr 
whue I was travelling from but for-Fhri% Ntfdym' T it 
Syria to Turkey. To arrive in not As he said, “I don’t 
Turkey i had to pass the tree- too mud) ta.terms of money. 
cnerous Toros mountains in do not weur -expensive. ckrthes , 
several days of blinding bliz- nor do I have luxuriater habits^ *4 i. 



has spent. $HUXX£tLS:- 


sm a crazy cyclist coming out 
of the cold. Everywhere I went 

Iwas told that I would be troubles .cat^edyby Wr s 
freezing to death if I try to mother 


: alL/ther & llc k 


An article which appeared 
in “Kayhan International ” 
Iron’s English newspaper . 



wny following the trades of will contizme i&tti^raes mod- 
tne giant Internationa] Trans- em day Oddyaj^/.vy : 




Mr 












e y-e5^cLj--^ 




i _/ GENERAL TENDENCIES: There could be acme 
confusion in your mind early in the day. but overall 
concepts turn to your advantage later. You find it possible 
to benefit by doing good deeds for others. 

ARIES (Mar. 21 to Apr. 19) You have new ideas which 
are good but you have to do some research before you put 
v diem' in operation. Obtain the data you need 

TAURUS (Apr. 20 to May 20) Make sure you first 
improve your appearance before you go out socially and 
make the right impression on others. 

-GEMINI (May 21 to June 21) Arrange to entertain 
• food friends at your abode. Ask them to bring their 
; friends, who can also become yours. 

‘ MOON CHILDREN {June 22 to July 21) Exercise much 
are in motion everywhere today and avoid danger and 
expense. Sidestep one who is troublesome. 

- LEO (July 22 to Aug. 21) Study your financial status 
and do whatever will add to your present abundance. A 
new project needs careful analysis. 

VIRGO (Aug. 22 to Sept. 22) You can easily gain a 
personal goal by seeking the advice of a good friend. Be' 
sensible when dealing with others. 
j LIBRA (Sept. 23 to Oct. 22) Attend to small chores that 
have been piling up so you will have time for recreation 
. later in the day. Strive for more harmony with mate. 

> SCORPIO (Oct. 23 to Nov. 21) Try not to criticize a 
loyal friend who may be upset over own problems now. 

? Forget social affair where arguments could erupt. 

SAGITTARIUS (Nov. 22 to Dec. 21) Study the tasks 
ahead of you and figure out the best way to handle them. 

' Relax at home with family tonight. 

■CAPRICORN (Dec. 22 to Jan. 20) A new set of circum- 
stances present themselves now so be sure to obtain the 
.right advice from an expert. Widen your horizons. 

" AQUARIUS IJan. 21 to Feb. 19) Your hunches are 
erroneous today so be sure to use only your mature 
judgment or you could easily get into trouble. 

PISCES (Feb. 20 to Mar. 20) Talk over future plans 
with associates now and come to a fine understanding. 

„ Sidestep one who stands in the way of progress. 


-MAKE THE JORDAN TIMES WORK FOR YOU 

■v 

' An advertisement in the Jordan Times will be seen 
some 10.000 people in Jordan. Syria and Lebanon, 
n’t you have anything to say to them ? 

To spread your word, contact the Jordan Times 
vertising department by phone at 67171, or in person 
the Jordan Times- A1 Ra’i building, on University 
ad. A 




TONIGHT’S T.Y. FEATURE 

DOC. ELLIOT : THE GOLD MINE 
»c. Elliot urges for added safety measures in gold 
ne to avoid its collapse. 


BIG VALLEY : THE BATTLE OF 
MINERAL SPRINGS 

e Barkleys help inhabitants of old city fight for 
• existence as it is threatened by a new and mo- 
rn one erected nearby- 

EORGE AND MIDLRED : FAMILY PLANNING 
;orge is unhappy about the prospect of his mother 
law living with them. 

KOJAK : A SHIELD OF MURDER PT, I 
)jak is subjected to pressures to stop investiga- 
ms of the attempted murder of the deputy dis- 
ct attorney. 


ilxxe.uw. I GHINESf 


RESTAURANT 


Finis Wings Hotel, Jabal 
luwelbdeh. Tel. 22105/4. 
ZHolce of THREE set me- 
t dally for lunch, and a 
car tv. 

Open 12-3 p.m. and 7-12 
b. Specialty : steaks. - 


iCk 111 ! Ai 


ettauranu for breasted 
and light snacks 
+ home, hunch or dinner. 
*1 Amman, First Circle. 
'.21083. J*ba! A1 Luwelb- 
*JRawuz Circle. Tel. 30046 
*1 At Hussein, near Jem- 
Inexna. Tel. 21781. 
to Zixk« usd IrbetL 


First Chinese restaurant In 
Jordan. 

First Circle. Jabal Amman, near 
the Ahliyah School or CMS. 
Tel. 38968. Open dally from 
noon to &30 p.m. and fcSO fun. 
to midnight 

Also take home service -"order 
by phone. 


TheB 


JPLOMAT 


First Circle, Jabal Amman. 
Tel. 25592 

Open from 7 ajn. to 1 a.m. 
Restaurant, coffee-shop, sn- 
ack bar and patisserie. 

Oriental and European spe- 
cialties. 


[t i< : j < » i j 1 1 i ■ :■ w: s -i > p ■ > 



I 6UE55 IM RNALLV 
BEGINNING TO REALIZE 
THAT TOO'LL AWJAY5 LOVE 
TOIK PIANO MORE THAN 
WU.EVER LOVE ME... 




■■III 


mm 




VfwiMUl 

iff-SsiaSSi^ 



HQW'RE THEY GOING 
TO MAKE THIS A 
SETTER WORLD WHEN 
. THEY CAN'T 
/^XA EYEN STRUM 
fcf/j TOGETHER ff 


s’J&'X 


iifilfl- 



SO I (SO SELL FRUIT 
MAKE-MONEY AND 
BUY BIG APARTMENT 

house; — 



NOW I GO BANK, 
SIGN MY NAME X 
AND SET $50,000 
LOAN/ BIG 
SUCCESS/ 



LAUGHS FROM EUROPE 


THE BETTER HALF. By Barnes 




'There are three emergency numbers I always keep on 
hand — the police, the fire department 
and the chiropractor." 


WORLD RECORDS 

The shortest correspondence on record was that 
between Victor Marie Hugo (1802-85) and his publisher 
Hurst and Blackett in 1862. The author was on holiday 
and anxious to know how his new novel “Les Mise ra- 
bies” was selling. He wrote “?”. The reply was “!”. 



KJSMi 



■aMB 

liiiill 

IKlilii 


THE Hn&L FIVE FEATURE PHGTO 



GOREN BRIDGE 


BY CHARLES H. GOBEN 
AND OMAR SHARIF 

© 1877 by Oitcago Tribune 


North -South vulnerable. 
South deals. 

NORTH 

♦ J 75 
J83 

08643 . 

♦ K72 

WEST EAST 

+ 1064 . +Q932 

^07652 <?A9 

072 0 K95 

+ Q93 +J854 

South 

♦ AK8 
K 104 

0 AQJIO 
+ A106 
The bidding; 

South West North East 
2 NT Pass 3 NT Pass 
Pass Pass 

Openinglead: Five of . 

The time to consider how 
you intend playing the hand 
is before you follow to the 
first trick. Any other time 
may be too late! 

There was little to the 
auction. South decided that 
.his tens gave his hand added 
“body,” so he opened two no 
trump, showing 22-24 points, 
and North had just enough 
to raise to game. 

West led his fourth-best 
heart, and declarer was not 
over-impressed with the 
dummy that appeared. The 
heart lead meant that de- 
clarer had six top tricks. 
Obviously, he would have to 
develop diamonds if he was 
to make his contract. He 
would probably need two 
finesses in the suit if he 
wanted to score four tricks. 
The trouble was that he had 
only one sure entry to 
dummy. 

However, declarer realized 
that the opening lead offered 


a chance to develop a second 
entry to the table. If West 
was leading away from both 
missing heart honors, de- 
clarer could get the entry 

immediately by rising with 
dummy's jack of hearts. But 
declarer decided that it was 
more likely that the honors 
would be split, so he elected 

to play the eight. East rose 
with the ace, and most de- 
clarers would have blown 
the contract there and then 
by following with a low' 
heart. 

Fortunately, declarer rea- 
lized that his combined J-10 
in the suit guaranteed a stop- 
per. Since West was likely to 
hold the queen of hearts for 

the opening lead, there was 
nothing to gain and perhaps 
a lot to lose by playing low. 
So declarer jettisoned the 
king of hearts under the ace! 

' Now there was no way de- 
clarer could be stopped from 
getting to dummy twice— 
once with the king of clubs 
and once with the jack of 

hearts. Since East did. in 
fact, hold the king of dia- 
monds twice guarded, de- 
clarer was able to bring in 

the whole diamond suit with 
the help of two finesses. By 
creating a second entry to 
the table, declarer was able 
to score two spade tricks, 
one heart, four diamonds and 
two clubs for his contract. 


THAT SCRAMBLED WORD GAME 
s by Henri Arnold and Bob Lee 


Unscramble these four Jumbles, 
one letter to each square, to form 
lour ordinary words. 


RANOB 



YINTTE 


Now arrange the circled letters to 
form the surprise answer, as sug- 
gested by the above cartoon. 


Print surprise answer here: 


Yesterday's 


(Answers tomorrow) 

Jumbles BARGE MIDGE ALWAYS CATNIP 

Answer: Known for making "advances" — 

A LENDER 


CROSSWORD 


PUZZLE 


ACROSS 


1. Ooria) 


4. Pepper plant 
7. Genus ol maples 


11. Large flatfish 


13. Russian 


convention 


14. Promote 


15. Musical work 


16. Oxalis 


17. Vestment 


18. Stimulate 


interest 


21. Lariat 


22. Crib 


23. Listen 


24. Siamese coin 


26. Desire 


27. Samovar 


28. Gun 


29. Implements 


31. Treasury 


32. Viceroy 


33. Palm leaf 


34. Habitat plant 


Par time 30 min. 


SSES® HQ3| 

eihh 0 ns@ naa 
[afaaasa?3B hh@i 
SUSS QS9Q 

asanasa aaaaa 

aaH®23 mass 

iQHfflH® HBaasal 
s®a 
ana fflGDnaaasa 
hhh Haag aga 
E3[H@ as3s 


form SOLUTION OF YESTERDAY'S PUZZ 

35. Advance 

39. Former DOWN 4 - Agamsl the mast 

40. Resilient 5. Herb genus 

41. Danish measure .1 Haggard heroine 6. Corroded 

42. Gather, as grouse 2. "Good King" 7. Spice 

43 . Bird 3. Drink 8. Head-shaped 

9. Develops 

10. Level 
12. Creamy white 

17. Altitude 

18. Emissary 

19. Idyllic 

20. Edit 

21. Norse sea 


23. Vetch plant 
25. Explosive 

27. Caucho 

28. Deceives 

30. Ancient 

31. Outer garment 

32. Tissue 
3? Heraldic wreath 

re n^ing dummy 

36. Suffix denoting 
origin 

37. Dickens' 

character 

4-28 38. Medieval shield 


WNewdealurej 







































JORDAN TIMES, FRIDAY, APRIL 28, 1877 


Mistake preceded 
blow-out on rig 


Namibia talks go 
on in Cape Town 


STAVANGER, Norway, April 
28 (R). — The oil company 
operating the runaway well in 
the North Sea admitted today, 
after two failed attempts to 
shut off escaping oil, that a vital 
piece of equipment on top of 


the valve and the well gushed 

a gain _ 

Under prolonged question- 
ing at a press conference here, 
Phillips Chief Engineer Robert 
Archambeault said a mistake 
had been made on Friday night 


the well had been installed up- before the blow-out when the 


side-down on Friday night 

The device, a massive valve 
known to oilmen as a BOP 
(blow-out preventor,), played a 
key role in two attempts this 
morning to turn off the tap on 
the well beneath Bravo plat- 
form in Norways’ Ekofisk 
field, operated by Phfllips Petro- 
leum Company. 

An emergency team, includ- 
ing two American experts, work- 
ing in a shower of oil ' and 


valve was installed upside- 
down. 

Mr. Archambeault and Mr. 
Gordon Goering, Phillips Re- 
gional Manager, said several 
contractors were at work on 
Bravo rig when the mistake 
was made and responsibility 
could not be assigned until a 
special commission had report- 
ed. 

“The fact that the BOP was 
on upside-down had nothing to 
do with the blow-out,” Mr. 


water on the rig actually shut Goering said, 
off the oil for 30 seconds this But Mr. Archambeault ad- 
moming. They reported to ded: “There was a good possi- 
sfaore: •'We’ve closed it down, bility today that the second at- 
The oil has stopped.” tempt to shear off the pipe 

But almost immediately oil would have succeeded if the 
and gas at 280 kgs. per sq. BOP had been the right way 
cm. pressure-forced through up.” 

U.S. stops delivery 
of arms to Ethiopia 


WASHINGTON, April 28 <R). 
— The United States has stop- 


and other military equipment 
to Ethiopia and would probably 


ped delivery of nearly $100 mil- make up losses caused by any] 
lion worth of arms to Ethiopia U.S. cancellations, the sources 


following the Addis Ababa gov- 
ernment's decision to close 
most American facilities there, 
government sources said yes- 
terday. 

The White House decision 
covered previously approved 


said. 

For over 20 years the U.S. 
has been virtually Ethiopia’s 
only source of military sup- 
plies. 

But relations between the 
two countries have deteriorated 


requests for military equip- since the state's leftward swing 
ment, the sources said. They following the overthrow of 


said all weapons shipments to 
Ethiopia had ceesed. 

The State and Defence Dep- 
artments were preparing to re- 


Em peror Haile Selassie three 
years ago and the installation 
of a revolutionary government 
About 325 U.S. officials and 


view Ethiopian-ordered arms other dependents were affected 
such as F-5 fighter planes. M-60 by the Ethiopian government’s 


tanks and ammunition. 

The Soviet Union agreed last 


order to close five American 
installations and remove their 


December to supply weapons staff, delivered on April 23. 


CAPE TOWN, April 28 (Agen- 
cies). — Special envoys from 
five Western members of the 
United Nations Security Cbun- 
cii today resumed their talks 
here with South African gover- 
nment officials on the future 
of Namibia (South West Afri- 
ca). 

The representatives of the 
United States, Britain, France, 
West Germany and Canada, are 
urging South Africa to with- 
draw its troops from Namibia, 
negotiate with the main natio- 
nalist group SWAPO (South 
West Africa People's Organisa- 


ISRAEL WELL- 
OPEN LISBON 


EMBASSY NEXT 


MONTH, SAYS 
KNESSET V.P. 


LISBON, April 28 (R). — 
Israel plans to set up its first 
embassy in Lisbon next month, 
according to Mr. Moshe 
Chachal, Vice President of the 
Knesset in an interview yes- 
terday with the Portuguese 
news agency ANOP. Mr. 
Chachal said the Israeli gov- 
ernment expected the 
Portuguese to send an ambas- 
sador to Israel nest September 
or October. “This wfll be a 
great year for relations bet- 
ween our two countries,” Mr. 
Chachal was quoted as saying 
before leaving for Tel Aviv af- 
ter attending celebrations here 
of the third anniversary of 
Portugal’s revolution. He said 
agreement on the normalisa- 
tion of relations was reached 
at a meeting in Amsterdam 
recently between Prime Minis- 
ter Mario Soares of Portugal 
and Israeli Foreign Minister 
Ylgal Allon. Both were attend- 
ing a session of the Socialist 
International. 


tion) and agree to UN. super- 
vised elections. 

Today’s meeting with South 
African Foreign Minister Pik 
Botha lasted 90 minutes. It fol- 
lowed similar meetings here 
yesterday. Another round of 
talks was scheduled for later 
this evening. . 

Before and after today's me- 
eting Mr. Botha had discus- 
sions with representatives of 
the Pretoria-sponsored consti- 
tutional conference on Namibia 
which is taking place in the 
Namibian capital Windhoek. 

An atmosphere of secrecy 
surrounded the talks. Diploma- 
tic sources dose to the delega- 
tions and South African offi- 
cials refused to discuss them. 

“If they are making progress 
they win probably continue to 
say nothing,” one Western di- 
plomatic source said. ’These 
are very quiet, behind-the-sce- 
nes discussions and no one 
wants to say anything that mi- 
ght jeopardise their chances of 
success.” 

The chief United States dele- 
gate, Mr. Don Me Henry, was 
the only black person at the : 
talks. He is a deputy of Ame- 
rica’s United Nations Ambassa- 
dor, Mr. Andrew Young. 

The talks are expected to 
last until Friday. 


Pope Paul, 
Coggan opei 
Christian 
unity talks 


VATICAN CITY, April 28 
(R). — Pope Paul and Dr. 
Donald Coggan, the Arch- 
bishop of Canterbury, today 
discussed greater efforts to 
bring unity to the world’s 
600 million Roman Catho- 
lics and 65 wiHHow Angli- 
cans. 

It was the first meeting 
between the 78-year*oW 
Pontiff and archbishop, who 
became Anglican leader two 
years ago. 

A Joint declaration about 
the next stage in efforts to- 
wards unity is expected af- 
ter a second meeting tomor- 
row, when the two leaders 
will pray together in the 
Vatican’s Sisttae ChapeL 

They are likely to discuss 
three study documents win- 
ch tried to find common 
ground between Catholics 
and Anglicans in audsut di- 
sputes about the power of 
the Pope, the T.wdin«» and 
towards priesthood. 

The two leaders are tho- 
ught likely to touch on a 
recent decision to authorise 
the ordination of Anglican 
women priests - - an 
strongly opposed by the Va- 
tican. 


In unprecedented acts, 
CIA tells of employees’ 
dismissal, authorises 
publication of budget 

WASHINGTON, April 28 (Ag- be observed to uphold the in- 


As nuclear club meets In London 
U.S. House rejects defence cuts 


encies). — Central Intelligence 
Agency (CIA) Director Stans- 
field Turner said yesterday he 
had dismissed two agency emp- 
loyees for questionable activi- 


ties although they did nothing first time to make public the 


LONDON, April 28 (R). — 
The two superpowers, the 


Recommendations he sent to 
Congress included one that 


United States and the Soviet could bar American export of 
Union, and 13 other nations nuclear fuel to any non-nuclear 
with technical know-how be- country that detonated a nuc- 
gan a two-day highly secret lear explosive device or viola- 
meeting here today to discuss ted safeguards set by the Vien- 
further stringent measures to na-based United Nations Inter- 
prevent the spread of nuclear national Atomic Energy Agen- 
weapons, British officials said, cy (IAEA). The sanctions would 
Senior officials and experts at the .discretion of Presi- 
of the 15 met as members of dent . Carter. 


the so-called "Nuclear Suppli- 
ers’ Club” which has been 
working out rules to prevent 


mate amount needed for a nuc- 
lear bomb. 

Britain, which is presiding 
over the nuclear club meetings, 
has already stopped exporting 
sensitive nuclear technology 
and equipment. 

Diplomatic sources said that 
the Dutch were particularly 
keen to reduce secrecy surroun- 
ding the work of the nuclear 
club to forestall objections by 


illegal or improper. 

Admiral Turner confirmed a 
Washington Post front-page 
story by Watergate reporter 


total budget allocated to U.S. 
intelligence activities. 

But, Admiral Turner told the 
Senate intelligence committee, 


men were dismissed for help- 
ing a former colleague win 
overseas contracts for explo- 
sives, detonating devices and 
other equipment. 

The new head of the CIA 
told the Senate intelligence 


ed exclusively to intelligence” 
should be disclosed. 

He opposed any detailed 
break-down of the budget, say- 
ing that “in the hands of our 
enemies (it) would be a power- 


The president has already de- 
cided to delay indefinitely U.S. 
commercial development of 


ES (STbetag ZJSUSt bc u “ a for “ 

atomic weapons by non-nuc- H 

lear states. President Carter’s personal 

President Jimmy Carter on approval would be required 
the eve of today’s meeting pro- for any American supply of 
posed tighter controls on nuc- highly-enriched uranium great- 
lear fuel exports. er than 150 kgs., the approxi- 


keen to reduce secrecy surroun- committee that neither of the ful weapon which would make 
ding the work of the nuclear dismissed men could be accused further intelligence collection 
club to forestall objections by of illegal activity, but they had more difficult, more haza rdous 
Third World developing na- shown a lack of good judgment to life and much more costly.” 
tions. and sensitivity to the best in- in authorising publication. 

Meanwhile,- the U.S. House of terests of the agency. he was reacting to a directive 

Representatives has voted to Neither Admiral Turner nor from President Carter that he 
drop proposed cuts in the na- the agency itself said where will “not object to your releas- 
tional defence budget in a the explosives, detonating de- ing to the public the single 
move to strengthen President vices and other material were overall budget figure of the 
Carter’s bargaining position destined but the Post reported U.S. intelligence community," 


with the Soviet Union. - 
The House accepted by 225 


they were for Libya. 


Admiral Turner told the corn- 


votes to 184 an amendment by marks on the dismissals marked 
Texas Democrat Omar Burleson a departure from past CIA poli- 


Admiral Turner’s public re- mittee. 

arks on the dismissals marked Previous administrations op- 
departure from past CIA poli- posed publication of the budget 


that a $4.1 billion cut in the cy of refusing to comment on which, according to a report 


WORLD NEWS BRIEFS 


# UNITED NATIONS, April 28 (AFP). — A meeting between U.S. 
President Jimmy Carter and Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev is not 
ruled out before the end of this year, Soviet Foreign Ministry 
Information Services Director Latif Maksudov told a press 
conference here yesterday. 

# KUWAIT, April 28 (R). — A senior Syrian official said in an 
interview published here today that Israel might raise the 
existing tension in the Middle East into a new military con- 
frontation. Dr. Abdul Ghani A1 Rafi'i, Assistant Foreign Mi- 
nister, told the newspaper A1 Hadaf that Israel might seize 
any opportunity “to launch an agression against the Arabs in 
general and south Lebanon in particular.” 

fc WASHINGTON, April 28 (R). — The United States conduc- 
ted an underground nuclear test yesterday at its Nevada test 
site, the Energy Research and Development Administration 
said. The test was the second this year by the United States. 

# ARBIL, Iraq. April 28 (R). — The cheif administrator of 
Iraqi Kurdistan has called on Kurdish rebel leader Jalal 
Talabani to come to terms with the government by negotiation. 
“We are .prepared to discuss matters with Mr. Talabani," Mr. 
Hashem Aqrawy, Chairman of the I2-meraber Executive Coun- 
cil (cabinet) of what is now officially known as “the Autono- 
mous Region” said In an interview in the region’s capital, 
AibU. But he added: “Mr. Talabani is finished. The Kurdish 
people are satisfied with autonomy.” 

# TEL AVIV, April 28 (R). — The Israeli Foreign Ministry 
today announced the appointment of new ambassadors to U.N. 
European headquarters in Geneva and to new Zealand. Mr. 
Yoel Baromi was assigned to the Geneva post while Mr. 
Yaacov Morris was appointed Ambassador to Wellington, to 
succeed Mr. Haim Rafael who died at his post about a month 
ago. 

$ DETROIT, April 28 (R). — Several tons of military arma- 
ments, including plastic explosives, mortar shells, booby-trap 
mines, automatic weapons and machinegun parts, have been 
found in a suburban flat here, the Federal Bureau of Investi- 
gation (FBI) said yesterday. The occupant of the flat, identi- 
fied as Mr. Gary Rogers, 31, surrenedered to authorities in 
Miami yesterday afternoon, an FBI spokesman said. Mr. 
Rogers, described as a former employee of a now defunct arms 
maker here, had been sought on a federal warrant charging 
him with illegal possession of firearms. Investigation of the 
case was continuing, but the FBI spokesman refused to say 
if there were other suspects. 

$ LONDON. April 28 (R). — President Idi Amin has upbraided 
his military officers and security staff for having up to three 
government houses in which he said they kept their girl friends 
Uganda Radio said yesterday. Addressing the personnel at a 
mPAting in Kampala. President Amin also complained that sec- 
urity staff living in towns failed to keep their living accom- 
modation clean. He ordered that from now on nobody should 
have more than one government house, the radio added. 


proposed $120.9 billion defence 
budget be restored as a signal 


internal agency matters. 

The U.S. intelligence com- 


to Moscow that the United Sta- murnty has been under attack 


tes would not reduce its arms during the past two years for alone. 


last year in the New York 
Times, amounted to about 
$6,000 million for the CIA 


strength in the absence of an 
agreement to curb nuclear we- 
apons. 

The Soviet Union last month 
rejected arms limitation pro- 


questionable activities and re- 
luctance to discipline employe- 
es caught in allegedly illegal 
dealings. 

Admiral Turner said he call- 


posals presented to Moscow by ed in top CIA officials yester- 


Secretary of State Cyrus Vance 
during his visit there. 


day to tell them that the stric- 
test standards of propriety must 


Former CIA Directors Wil- 
liam Colby and Richard Helms 
are to follow Admiral Turner 
in testifying before the Senate 
committee, which is then to de- 
cide whether to recommend 
that Congress disclose the bud- 
get. 


Gromyko’s visit to India shows 
Soviets can be quite flexible 

(When the need arises) 


By Michel Garin 

NEW DELHI, April 28 (AFP). 
— Soviet Foreign Minis ter 
Andrei Gromyko demonstra- 
ted, during his three-day offi- 
cial visit to India, that Soviet 
diplomacy can prove to be 
surprisingly flexible in certain 
instances. 

Mr. Gromyko left yesterday 
for home as a joint commu- 
nique was published here not 
only maintaining but also con- 
solidating ties between India 
and the Soviet Union. 

Mr. Gromyko who had more 
than six hours of talks with 
his Indian counterpart Mr. 
Atal Bihari Vajpayee and a 
two-hour conversation with 
Prime Minister Morarji Desai, 
has good reason to be satis- 
fied with his visit. The com- 
munique explicitly referred to 
strengthening bilateral coope- 
ration “in the spirit of tbe 
treaty of peace, frienship and 
cooperation concluded in 
August 1971” despite a call 
to abrogate the treaty by one 
of Mr. Desai’s Janata Party 
parliamentary colleagues a few 
days before Mr. Gromyko’s ar- 
rival. 

Mr. Gromyko signed three 
agreements during his visit. 
One provides for a 250 mil- 
lion roubles ($333 million) 
credit for Indian industry. The 
others are for trade develop- 
ment and a bilateral commu- 
nications system. 

This achievement is partic- 


ularly remarkable as the 
Soviets were expecting a chill 
over their relations with India 
when Mr. Desai and the Janata 
Party gained power. 

The Soviets had unreserved- 
ly approved the state of em- 
ergency proclamation in India 
in June 1975 and expressed 
their support for former Prime 
Minister Mrs. Indira Gandhi. 
Last year, taking the future 
as assured, they not only invi- 
ted Mrs. Gandhi on an offi- 
cial visit to Moscow in June 
but also her son Mr. Sanjay 
who appeared as a probable 
successor to the prime minis- 
ter. 

The Congress Party was then 
solidly in power and had a 
two-thirds majority in the two 
chambers of the federal par- 
liament. 

Some weeks ago, Moscow’s 
official newspapers openly ex- 
pressed sympathy for Mrs. 
Gandhi during the electoral 
campaign and termed Mr. 
Desai’s Janata Party leaders 
as “reactionaries”. 

The defeat of Mis. Gandhi 
and the Congress Party caught 
the USSR off balance. Some 
days after Mr. Desai formed 
his cabinet, the Soviet Ambas- 
sador in India, Mr. Viktor 
Maltsev, was received at his 
request by the newly-appoint- 
ed Foreign Minister, Mr. 
Vajpayee. 

Now Mr. Gromyko has invi- 
ted both Mr. Desai and Mr. 
Vajpayee on official visits to 


Moscow. For their part, the 
Indian leaders have invited 
Communist Party Secretary 
General Leonid Brezhnev, head 
of state Nicolai Podgomy and 
Prime Minister Alexei Kosygin 
to India. 

Mr. Gromyko, undoubtedly 
in order not to upset India’s 
new government members, ref- 
rained from paying courtesy 
visits to Mrs. Gandhi or to 
former • Foreign Minister 
Yeshwantrao Cbavan, now op- 
position leader in the lower 
house of parliament. 

The Soviet minister also 
a voided meeting leaders of the 
pro-Soviet Indian Communist 
Party and the party manage- 
ment confirmed yesterday 
that no talks had been held 
between members and the 
Soviet delegation. 

The Indian government has 
opted for realism. The results 
of this visit tend to confirm 
that New Delhi's foreign po- 
licy is not about to change 
fundamentally. 

China, in spite of improved 
relations with India last year, 
continues to preoccupy India’s 
leaders. Problems bom of the 
Sino-Indian frontier conflict of 
1962 are far from being re- 
solved. In these circumstances, 
the Soviet Union -- whose 
links with Bangladesh are 
quite dose since Gen. ' Ziaur 
Rahman gained power in 
November 1975 -- and India 
have every interest in main- 
taining good relations. 


Life imprisonment for 
Baader-Meinhof group 


telligence community's reputa- 
tion. 

In a related development, 
Admiral Turner yesterday 
authorised Congress for the 


STUTTGART, West Germany, 
April 28 (R). — The three 
leaders of tbe Baader-Meinhof 
group were jailed for life here 
today at the end of West Ger- 
many’s longest and most spe- 
ctacular urban guerrilla trial. 

Security round government 
leaders and offices throughout 
the country was immediately 


Israeli 

army 

officially 

criticised 


TEL AW, April 28 (AFP). — 
The Israeli state auditor yes- 
terday published the severest 
criticism yet levelled against 
the Israeli army for its waste 

and mfemanngpm<»nf- 

The annual report, only three 
weeks before the parliamenta- 
ry elections, has stunned the 
public and shaken the civil ser- 
vice. 

For the report also attacks 
certain departments in the Fi- 
nance Ministry. 

The auditor said there was 
“enormous waste” in army de- 
pots and arsenals and “indica- 
tions that there have been the- 
fts amounting to several mil- 
lion of pounds in them.” 

So far as the Finance Minis- 
try is concerned, the auditor 
singled out the Tax Depart- 
ment for special mention. The 
report said that up to Decem- 
ber, 1976, only 52 per cent of 
people who are taxeable kept 
accounts as laid down by law. 


stepped up to avert' possible 
reprisals by the group's folio- 
lowers, government sources 
said. 

Defendants Mr. Andreas Ba- 
ader, Mr. Jan Carl Raspe and 
Miss Gudrun Ensslin, had been 
on trial in a specially built 
bomb-proof courtroom for 23 
months, charged with murder- 
ing four U.S. soldiers and in- 
juring scores of other people 
in bomb and shooting attacks 
in 1972. 

Each was sentenced to life 
imprisonment for setting off 
the bombs at American army 
installations in Heidelberg and 
Frankfurt where the four ser- 
vicemen died. 

The court imposed an addi- 
tional 15-year term on each 
for four other bomb attacks 
- - on police stations in Munich 
and Augsburg, on the Conser- 
vative Springer publishing 
house in Hamburg and on a 
High Court judge whose wife 
was seriously injured by a 
bomb planted in his car. 

The prosecution had called 
for stiffer penalties - - three life 
sentences for each defendant. 

Verdicts were announced by 


presiding Judge Eberhard Foth 
in a White-walled courtroom 
which resembled a disused film 
set. 

Mr. Baader, Mr. Raspe and 
Miss Ensslin have been on 
hunger strike for the past 
month in protest at prison 
conditions and at the bugging 
of conversations between them 
and their lawyers. Officials 
have admitted the bugging. 

Tbeir personal counsel -- 
they were also represented by' 
court-appointed lawyers - - have 
said the three were politically- 
motivated guerrillas fighting 
against American imperialism. 

In a two-hour and 40 minutes 
summary today, however, Herr 
Foth rejected defence claims 
that he had presided over a 
political trial. “Politics has 
been left outside the door of 
this trial, where it belongs,” he 
commented. 

Under West German law, 
life imprisonment theoretically 
means convicts stay in jail un- 
til they die. But a Justice Minis- 
try spokesman said today that 
people sentenced to life terms 
are normally fr&d after bet- 
ween 13 and 22 years in deten- 
tion. 


(I.K. immigrants describe 
new nationality proposals 
as “racial discrimination” 

LONDON, April 28 (AFP). — New Labour government propo- 
sals to draw a legal distinction between British nationals from 
the United Kingdom and those from Commonwealth countries 
were today described as "racial discrimination” by immigrant 
groups. The proposals, contained in a "Green Paper” published 
yesterday, would entitle citizens from the Commonwealth, 
protectorates and colonies to hold British passports but would i 
not give them automatic right of entry to Britain. Under ex- , 
fa ting laws, many millions of people are "British Subjects” , 
and entitled to hold a British passport. The law has been am- 1 
ended 40 times since 1948. The proposals were welcomed by ; 
the Conservative Party today but representatives of immig- j 
rants said the document was a tool for discrimination against 
those who would get only “second class nationality." 


ss’wSomS sgj "■>“ * bu % et 

wen were dismissed for help- “*., *** 

Jr,*, o frrrrrsor «*n government agencies “devot- 


Official China publishes Mao’s 
verdict on Cultural Revolution 


PEKING, April 28 (R). — 
For the first time the official 
Chinese press yesterday pub- 
lished Chairman Mao Tse-t ling’s 
verdict on the Cultural Revo- 
lution which plunged the coun- 
try into tumult a decade ago. 

A commentary published in 
three major journals reported 
that the late Mao considered 
the revolution 70 per cent suc- 
cessful and 30 per cent "mis- 
taken”. 

It indicated the 30 per cent 
mainly referred to the violence 
and near-anarchy which grip- 
ped areas of China between 
1966 and 1969 and blamed this 
on purged radical leaders in- 


cluding Chairman Mao's widow 
Chiang Ching. 

Until recently the press des- 
cribed the “Great Proletarian 
Cultural Revolution” in glow- 
ing terms, pr a i si ng the changes 
it brought about. 

Months ago the late Mao’s 
verdict on the revolution was 
issued to officials at Commu- 
nist Party briefings. But it did 
not appear in print until yes- 
terday’s commentary, prepared 
jointly by tbe party news- 
paper People’s Daily, the Libe- 
ration Army daily and the 
theoretical journal Red Flag. 

Analysts have been waiting 
to see whether the new leader- 


Mass burial service held 
for 114 American victims 
of Tenerife air disaster 


SANTA ANA, California, Ap- 
ril 28 (R). — A mass burial 
service was held here yester- 
day for 114 American victims 
of a runway collision between 
two Jumbo jets in the Canary 
Islands last month. 

The bodies have not been 
individually identified and they 
were buried in identical white 
coffins, each covered by a single 
red rose and a scarlet ribbon. 

The dead were passengers on 
a Pan American World Airways 
Boeing 747 involved in a colli- 
sion with a Jumbo of KLM 
Royal Dutch Airlines on the 
runway at Tenerife Airport in 
the world’s worst air disaster. 

A total of 579 people died in 
the accident 

A Catholic priest, a rabbi and 
a Protestant minister said the 
last rites at Westminster Me- 
morial Park Cemetery here, 
64 kras. from where the- victims 
took off for a Mediterranean 
cruise. 


Cemetery officials said they 
would begin digging graves and 
burying the caskets immediate- 
ly after the service. They ex- 
pected the job to be finished by 
tonight. 

About 2,000 people, including 
victims’ relatives flown in by 
Pan-Am from as far away as 
Israel, Miami, New York and 
Chicago, were at the service. 

The reading of the names of 
the unidentified victims alone 
took five minutes at the cere- 
mony. 

After the service, the three 
ministers said a final benedic- 
tion over six coffins selected at 
random and set apart from the 
rest. 

The priest sprinkled the cas- 
kets with holy water. 

The rabbi crushed a rose on 
one of them and the petals 
scattered in the brisk wind. 

Many of those at the cere- 
mony came from a nearby pen- 
sioners’ community, which lost 
38 members in the disaster. 


Discovery in central China of 
3,000-year-old human sacrifices 

HONG KONG, April 28 (R). — Chinese scientists have dis-j 
covered hundreds of pits containing remains of slaves killed ! 
as human sacrifices more than 3,000 years ago in Honan Pro- 1 
vince, central China, the New China News Agency reported ! 
yesterday. About 250 sacrificial pits were excavated in An 
Yang city by the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese! 
Academy of Sciences last summer, the agency, monitored 
here, said. An Yang contains the ruins of the capital of the 
Y in-Shan g Dynasty during the later period of the Shang Dynas- 
ty (16th-llth century B.C) where large numbers of slaves 
were killed as human sacrifices or as sacrifices to ancestors 
of the nobility, according to the agency. The pits, covering 
an area of 5,000 sq. metres are in the eastern part of the royal 
tombs of the Yln-Sbang Dynasty. In the pits excavated so far, 
most of the 1,000 skeletons, mainly of young men between 
20 to 30, were beheaded, it added. However, some Were buried 
alive, together with pigs, horses, dogs and birds, the agency 
said- 


ship of Chairman Hua Kuo-feng 
will issue a re-assessment of 
the Cultural Revolution --a 
period often represented as 
the revolutionary high tide of 
Communist China’s 27-year 
history. 

In publishing Chairman Mao's 
assessment that the revolution 
was not wholly successful, the 
leadership appeared to indi- 
cate disapproval of the most 
violent episodes of the revolu- 
tion analysts said. 

The commentary accused the 
“gang of four” radical leaders 
of organising “beating-smash- 
ing- loo ting elements, embez- 
zlers and grafters... monsters, 
ghosts, hippies, hooligans, and 
social scum." 

It denounced the four radi- 
cals -- Mme. Chiang Ching. 
Mr. Chang Chun-chiao, Mr. 
Wang Hung-wen, and Mr. Yao 
Wen-yuan --as the chief cri- 
minals who sabotaged the Cul- 
tural Revolution. 

..The four all rose to political 
prominence during the period. 
The commentary said since 
they were purged last October 
the Communist Party Central 
Committee had amassed eviden- 
ce which proved they were co- 
unter-revolutionaries and not 
leftists. 

London's 
evening 
papers 
may merge 

LONDON, April 28 (R). — Jfa 
the face of strenuous union 
objections, London's two after- 
noon newspapers yesterday 
looked on tbe brink of merg- 
ing Into one. 

All week reports have buz- 
zed round Fleet Street, the 
capital’s newspaper row, that 
the ... 150-year-old ... Evening 
Standard was about to bc ab- 
sorbed by the rival Evening 
News. 

. On Tuesday night the Eve- 
ning Standard Chairman, 
Charles . Win tour, cast doubt 
on the deal, saying: “There has 
been no signature.” 

But reports persisted that a 
majority on the Standard’s 
Board of Directors favoured 
tbe deal as a means of raising 
cash for the struggling Daily 
Express, a morning paper sta- 
blemate. 

A management spokesman 
at Associated Newspapers, the 
company owning the Evening i 
News, said the Arm’s Chair- • 
man, Vere Harmsworth,- would l 
address the staffs of both pa- ] 
pers on Friday. * 

“You can draw your own 
conclusions,” commented Mr. 
Michael Rothwefl, Journalists’ 
Union leader on the Evening 
News. 


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